应通过生活方式和饮食调整以及服用他汀类药物对高脂血症进行治疗。 建议的目标 LDL 为<2.59 mmol/L (<100 mg/dL)。[24]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45:2160-2236.http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/45/7/2160.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com 主张严格控制 TIA 糖尿病患者的血糖值,目标为 HbA1c <53 mmol/mol (7%)。[24]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45:2160-2236.http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/45/7/2160.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com 患者应停止吸烟。[24]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45:2160-2236.http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/45/7/2160.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com 避免大量饮酒。[24]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45:2160-2236.http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/45/7/2160.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com 应鼓励患者将体重保持在 BMI 18.5~24.9 kg/m^2。[24]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45:2160-2236.http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/45/7/2160.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com 鼓励患者进行中等强度的身体活动。[24]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45:2160-2236.http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/45/7/2160.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com