如果先前血压正常的妇女发生高血压(定义为收缩压 ≥140 mmHg 和/或舒张压 ≥90 mmHg),有诊断意义。[3]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. January 2011 [internet publication].http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg107[1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;122(5):1122-31.http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Task-Force-and-Work-Group-Reports/Hypertension-in-Pregnancyhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150027?tool=bestpractice.com[34]Lowe SA, Bowyer L, Lust K, et al. SOMANZ guidelines for the management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 2014. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015 Oct;55(5):e1-29.https://somanz.org/downloads/HTguidelineupdatedJune2015.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26412014?tool=bestpractice.com
应当至少测量 2 次,至少间隔 4 小时。[1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;122(5):1122-31.http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Task-Force-and-Work-Group-Reports/Hypertension-in-Pregnancyhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150027?tool=bestpractice.com 然而,测量 3 次后求平均值,可以提高准确性。[3]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. January 2011 [internet publication].http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg107[1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;122(5):1122-31.http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Task-Force-and-Work-Group-Reports/Hypertension-in-Pregnancyhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150027?tool=bestpractice.com
如果收缩压 ≥160 mmHg 和/或舒张压 ≥110 mmHg,为重度。[3]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. January 2011 [internet publication].http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg107[1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;122(5):1122-31.http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Task-Force-and-Work-Group-Reports/Hypertension-in-Pregnancyhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150027?tool=bestpractice.com
应当使用正确尺寸的袖带。在听到第一音 (K1) 时记录收缩压测量结果,在声音完全消失时 (K5) 记录舒张压测量结果。如果没有 K5,应当接受 K4(声音变弱)。
收缩压高与卒中和胎盘早剥相关。[3]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. January 2011 [internet publication].http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg107