检查 可以使用试纸测定法筛查蛋白尿。如果蛋白结果为 1+，并与子痫前期范围内的血压升高有关，需转至专科单元就诊。
用于估计尿蛋白的标准诊断检测是采集 24 小时尿液。24 小时尿蛋白排泄 ≥0.3 g 有诊断意义。[3]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. January 2011 [internet publication].http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg107[1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;122(5):1122-31.http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Task-Force-and-Work-Group-Reports/Hypertension-in-Pregnancyhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150027?tool=bestpractice.com[2]Tranquilli AL, Dekker G, Magee L, et al. The classification, diagnosis and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a revised statement from the ISSHP. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2014 Apr;4(2):97-104.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104417?tool=bestpractice.com
尿蛋白 ≥5 g/24 小时不再用作严重程度的指标，因为尿蛋白水平与妊娠结局不相关。[1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;122(5):1122-31.http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Task-Force-and-Work-Group-Reports/Hypertension-in-Pregnancyhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150027?tool=bestpractice.com
替代检查包括使用自动读数仪的试纸法检测或使用尿蛋白：肌酐比值的斑点试验，结果 ≥30 mg/mmol 有诊断意义。[3]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. January 2011 [internet publication].http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg107[34]Lowe SA, Bowyer L, Lust K, et al. SOMANZ guidelines for the management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 2014. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015 Oct;55(5):e1-29.https://somanz.org/downloads/HTguidelineupdatedJune2015.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26412014?tool=bestpractice.com[2]Tranquilli AL, Dekker G, Magee L, et al. The classification, diagnosis and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a revised statement from the ISSHP. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2014 Apr;4(2):97-104.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104417?tool=bestpractice.com
蛋白尿不再是诊断子痫前期的必要条件；即使没有蛋白尿，存在全身受累合并高血压就足以诊断本病。[1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Nov;122(5):1122-31.http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Task-Force-and-Work-Group-Reports/Hypertension-in-Pregnancyhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150027?tool=bestpractice.com[2]Tranquilli AL, Dekker G, Magee L, et al. The classification, diagnosis and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a revised statement from the ISSHP. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2014 Apr;4(2):97-104.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104417?tool=bestpractice.com
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[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 脐动脉多普勒测速：(1) 正常形态；(2) 舒张期末血流变慢；(3) 舒张期末血流缺失；(4) 舒张期末逆向血流来自 Dr James J. Walker 的个人收集；经获准使用 [Citation ends].