胆管炎相对罕见,作为一种并发症见于 1% 的胆结石患者。患病率无性别差异。平均发病年龄为 50-60 岁。在美国,胆管炎更常见于拉美裔和美国土著居民。大约 1%-3% 行 ERCP 的患者会发生胆管炎,主要是由于采取了不恰当措施来确保引流通畅。复发性东方型化脓性胆管炎的发病率在东半球高于西半球。[1]Boey JH, Way LW. Acute cholangitis. Ann Surg. 1980;191:264-270.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1344694/pdf/annsurg00229-0014.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7362292?tool=bestpractice.com[5]Kimura Y, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. TG13 current terminology, etiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013;20:8-23.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00534-012-0564-0/fulltext.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23307004?tool=bestpractice.com[6]Higuchi R, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al; Tokyo Guideline Revision Committee. TG13 miscellaneous etiology of cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013;20:97-105.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00534-012-0565-z/fulltext.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23307005?tool=bestpractice.com