创伤后应激障碍

暴露于创伤后可能发生，但主要症状是情绪低落，精力不足，缺乏兴趣和自杀观念。

参照 DSM-IV 中针对轴 I 的精神障碍的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[60]First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders - Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department of the New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.

参照临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[62]Weathers FW, Blake DD, Schnurr PP, et al; US National Center for PTSD. Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). 2013. http://www.ptsd.va.gov/ (last accessed 7 October 2016).http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-int/caps.asp

参照创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[61]Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1993;6:459-473.

对特定对象或情境感到恐惧和回避。

病理性再体验和情绪反应的有限变化并不是其特征。

参照 DSM-IV 中针对轴 I 的精神障碍的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[60]First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders - Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department of the New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.

参照临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[62]Weathers FW, Blake DD, Schnurr PP, et al; US National Center for PTSD. Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). 2013. http://www.ptsd.va.gov/ (last accessed 7 October 2016).http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-int/caps.asp

参照创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[61]Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1993;6:459-473.

反复的，意想不到的惊恐发作，并非回忆起特定的创伤（即，必受情景触发或预先有倾向的情景）受到刺激引起。

参照 DSM-IV 中针对轴 I 的精神障碍的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[60]First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders - Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department of the New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.

参照临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[62]Weathers FW, Blake DD, Schnurr PP, et al; US National Center for PTSD. Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). 2013. http://www.ptsd.va.gov/ (last accessed 7 October 2016).http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-int/caps.asp

参照创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[61]Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1993;6:459-473.

适应障碍的变化表现为这些症状：情绪低落、焦虑、担心、创伤后应激症状、感觉到（事物）无法应对、计划或进行。

症状强度通常较低。

存在的应激源可能符合或不符合 DSM-5 诊断标准。

参照 DSM-IV 中针对轴 I 的精神障碍的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[60]First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders - Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department of the New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.

参照临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[62]Weathers FW, Blake DD, Schnurr PP, et al; US National Center for PTSD. Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). 2013. http://www.ptsd.va.gov/ (last accessed 7 October 2016).http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-int/caps.asp

参照创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[61]Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1993;6:459-473.

持续、反复地感觉到自己与他人或周围的世界脱离和疏远（人格解体障碍）。

往往是涉及创伤性事件的回忆空白（解离性失忆症）。

不存在病理性再体验和高唤起症状。

参照 DSM-IV 中针对轴 I 的精神障碍的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[60]First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders - Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department of the New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.

参照临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[62]Weathers FW, Blake DD, Schnurr PP, et al; US National Center for PTSD. Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). 2013. http://www.ptsd.va.gov/ (last accessed 7 October 2016).http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-int/caps.asp

参照创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[61]Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1993;6:459-473.

反复侵入一些被认为是不恰当的想法，但与创伤性经历无关。

参照 DSM-IV 中针对轴 I 的精神障碍的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[60]First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders - Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department of the New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.

参照临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[62]Weathers FW, Blake DD, Schnurr PP, et al; US National Center for PTSD. Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). 2013. http://www.ptsd.va.gov/ (last accessed 7 October 2016).http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-int/caps.asp

参照创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[61]Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1993;6:459-473.

闪回和生动的侵入画面，伴随着感性和认知的混乱。

参照 DSM-IV 中针对轴 I 的精神障碍的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[60]First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders - Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York, NY: Biometrics Research Department of the New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.

参照临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[62]Weathers FW, Blake DD, Schnurr PP, et al; US National Center for PTSD. Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). 2013. http://www.ptsd.va.gov/ (last accessed 7 October 2016).http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-int/caps.asp

参照创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版：患者不符合创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。[61]Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1993;6:459-473.