BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间: 十月 2018
最近更新时间: 八月 2018

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 大量水样腹泻
  • 血容量不足的证据

其他诊断因素

  • 年龄<5 岁
  • 摄食贝类
  • 近期重度霍乱样疾病的家族史
  • 呕吐

危险因素

  • 饮用被污染的水
  • 食用被污染的食物
  • 环境卫生较差
  • 近期出现的大雨和洪水

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
  • 血清电解质
  • 血清尿素和肌酐
  • 血清乳酸
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 粪便革兰染色
  • 对液体粪便、粪便悬浮液或直肠拭子进行粪便培养
  • 使用抗血清确定细菌的血清型
  • 抗菌谱(敏感)
全部具体信息

新兴检查

  • 粪便 ELISA 检查
  • 粪便 PCR 试验
  • 粪便环介导等温扩增 (loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP) 试验
全部具体信息

治疗流程

贡献者

Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Public Health England Molecular Laboratories in Sierra Leone

Freetown

Sierra Leone

利益冲突披露
ME declares that he has no competing interests.

Specialist registrar

Infection Department

Imperial College NHS Trust

London

利益冲突披露
RL declares that she has no competing interests.

Dr Marcus Eder and Dr Rekha Lopez would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Justin Green, a previous contributor to this topic. JG is employed by, and holds stock in, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). GSK has had no involvement in the preparation of this document, and the views expressed are those of the author.

同行评议专家 查看所有

Professor

Department of International Health

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Baltimore

MD

利益冲突披露
DS is an author of some studies referenced in this monograph.

Scientist

Clinical Sciences Division

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research

Dhaka

Bangladesh

利益冲突披露
NHA is co-author of a study referenced in this monograph.

Registrar

Department of Pediatrics

University College of Medical Sciences

New Delhi

India

利益冲突披露
JSK declares that he has no competing interests.

使用此内容应接受我们的免责声明