中度严重过敏反应
之前有过发作史的患者,其复发的风险较高。[14]Sampson HA, Mendelson L, Rosen JP. Fatal and near-fatal anaphylactic reactions to food in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:380-384.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1294076?tool=bestpractice.com[31]Lee JM, Greenes DS. Biphasic anaphylactic reactions in pediatrics. Pediatrics. 2000;106:762-766.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11015520?tool=bestpractice.com不过,既往发作的严重程度不一定能够预测今后反应的严重程度。[32]Macdougall CF, Cant AJ, Colver AF. How dangerous is food allergy in childhood? The incidence of severe and fatal allergic reactions across the UK and Ireland. Arch Dis Child. 2002;86:236-239.http://adc.bmj.com/content/86/4/236.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11919093?tool=bestpractice.com具体结果取决于免疫疗法是否取得了成功、能否避免变应原以及是否遵医嘱随身携带肾上腺素自动注射器。
严重过敏反应所致的心脏骤停
如果早期确诊且迅速开始了适当的处理,则该人群的心脏骤停转归较好。不过,仍可能出现脑灌注不足的严重后遗症,预后主要取决于共病和患者年龄。