肺康复治疗旨在减少症状和优化功能状态。包括运动训练、教育、营养干预和心理支持。活动时呼吸困难的患者推荐进行治疗,以增强运动耐力。[22]Spruit MA, Singh SJ, Garvey C, et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188:e13-e64.http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.201309-1634SThttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24127811?tool=bestpractice.com
尽管证据质量为低到中等,而且也没有足够的研究显示长期益处,但是肺间质性疾病的患者参加肺康复训练确实可短期改善功能性运动能力、呼吸困难和生活质量。[22]Spruit MA, Singh SJ, Garvey C, et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188:e13-e64.http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.201309-1634SThttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24127811?tool=bestpractice.com[23]Dale MT, McKeough ZJ, Troosters T, et al. Exercise training to improve exercise capacity and quality of life in people with non-malignant dust-related respiratory diseases. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(11):CD009385.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD009385.pub2/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26544672?tool=bestpractice.com[24]Dowman L, Hill CJ, Holland AE. Pulmonary rehabilitation for interstitial lung disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(10):CD006322.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006322.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25284270?tool=bestpractice.com
氧疗会增强运动耐力,降低出现肺动脉高压和肺源性心脏病的风险。