在接受丝裂霉素的患者中,< 1% 的患者会发生 TTP。[22]Lesesne JB, Rothschild N, Erickson B, et al. Cancer-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome: analysis of 85 cases from a national registry. J Clin Oncol. 1989 Jun;7(6):781-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2497229?tool=bestpractice.com 也可见该疾病与环孢素、吉西他滨和他克莫司有关的报告。[23]Page Y, Tardy B, Zeni F, et al. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura related to ticlopidine. Lancet. 1991 Mar 30;337(8744):774-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1672401?tool=bestpractice.com[24]Dzik WH, Georgi BA, Khettry U, et al. Cyclosporine-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following liver transplantation - successful treatment with plasma exchange. Transplantation. 1987 Oct;44(4):570-2.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3313845?tool=bestpractice.com
已有报告显示,血栓性微血管病与靶向抗癌药(例如免疫毒素类、单克隆抗体和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂)的使用相关。[19]Blake-Haskins JA, Lechleider RJ, Kreitman RJ. Thrombotic microangiopathy with targeted cancer agents. Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Sep 15;17(18):5858-66.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21813634?tool=bestpractice.com