先天性肌斜颈的流行率在0.3%~20%。[2]Cheng JC, Wong MW, Tang SP, et al. Clinical determinants of the outcome of manual stretching in the treatment of congenital muscular torticollis in infants. A prospective study of eight hundred and twenty-one cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83-A:679-687.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11379737?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Cheng JC, Au AW. Infantile torticollis: a review of 624 cases. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:802-808.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7814599?tool=bestpractice.com 男女比例在3:2。[8]Cheng JC, Au AW. Infantile torticollis: a review of 624 cases. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:802-808.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7814599?tool=bestpractice.com 研究表明双侧受累差异无统计学意义, 在先天性肌斜颈患儿中,相关的斜头畸形发生率可高达90%。[2]Cheng JC, Wong MW, Tang SP, et al. Clinical determinants of the outcome of manual stretching in the treatment of congenital muscular torticollis in infants. A prospective study of eight hundred and twenty-one cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83-A:679-687.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11379737?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Cheng JC, Au AW. Infantile torticollis: a review of 624 cases. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:802-808.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7814599?tool=bestpractice.com[9]Binder H, Eng GD, Gaiser JF, et al. Congenital muscular torticollis: results of conservative management with long-term follow-up in 85 cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1987;68:222-225.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3566514?tool=bestpractice.com 人群中斜头畸形的发生率据估计从每三百活产婴儿中一个,到高至48%健康婴儿。许多作者报道婴儿侧睡后增加了斜头畸形和获得性斜颈的发生率,并由此推荐婴儿平卧睡眠。[10]Positioning and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): update. American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Infant Positioning and SIDS. Pediatrics. 1996;98:1216-1218.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8951285?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Kane AA, Mitchell LE, Craven KP, et al. Observations on a recent increase in plagiocephaly without synostosis. Pediatrics. 1996;97:877-885.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8657530?tool=bestpractice.com[12]Argenta LC, David LR, Wilson JA, et al. An increase in infant cranial deformity with supine sleeping position. J Craniofac Surg. 1996;7:5-11.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9086895?tool=bestpractice.com[13]Turk AE, McCarthy JG, Thorne CH, et al. The "back to sleep campaign" and deformational plagiocephaly: is there cause for concern? J Craniofac Surg. 1996;7:12-18.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9086896?tool=bestpractice.com 有单中心报道从{0}1992{1}年至{2}1994{3}年姿势性斜头畸形的发病率增加了{4}6{5}倍。[11]Kane AA, Mitchell LE, Craven KP, et al. Observations on a recent increase in plagiocephaly without synostosis. Pediatrics. 1996;97:877-885.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8657530?tool=bestpractice.com