完全恢复：根据中等质量的证据，物理疗法后12个月内完全恢复达到70%，有7%需要手术。[9]Binder H, Eng GD, Gaiser JF, et al. Congenital muscular torticollis: results of conservative management with long-term follow-up in 85 cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1987;68:222-225.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3566514?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。
完全恢复：根据中等质量的证据，物理疗法后12个月内完全恢复达到70%，有7%需要手术。[9]Binder H, Eng GD, Gaiser JF, et al. Congenital muscular torticollis: results of conservative management with long-term follow-up in 85 cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1987;68:222-225.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3566514?tool=bestpractice.com
斜头畸形的改善：根据中等质量的证据，经过矫形头盔治疗的斜头畸形患儿得到显著改善。[31]Teichgraeber JF, Seymour-Dempsey K, Baumgartner JE, et al. Molding helmet therapy in the treatment of brachycephaly and plagiocephaly. J Craniofac Surg. 2004 Jan;15(1):118-23.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14704577?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。
斜头畸形的改善：根据中等质量的证据，经过矫形头盔治疗的斜头畸形患儿得到显著改善。[31]Teichgraeber JF, Seymour-Dempsey K, Baumgartner JE, et al. Molding helmet therapy in the treatment of brachycephaly and plagiocephaly. J Craniofac Surg. 2004 Jan;15(1):118-23.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14704577?tool=bestpractice.com
A 型肉毒毒素 (BTX-A) 注射的安全性：中等质量的证据支持难治性先天性肌斜颈患儿注射 BTX-A 安全有效。[35]Oleszek JL, Chang N, Apkon SD, et al. Botulinum toxin type a in the treatment of children with congenital muscular torticollis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Oct;84(10):813-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16205437?tool=bestpractice.com[36]Joyce MB, de Chalain TM. Treatment of recalcitrant idiopathic muscular torticollis in infants with botulinum toxin type a. J Craniofac Surg. 2005 Mar;16(2):321-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15750434?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。
A 型肉毒毒素 (BTX-A) 注射的安全性：中等质量的证据支持难治性先天性肌斜颈患儿注射 BTX-A 安全有效。[35]Oleszek JL, Chang N, Apkon SD, et al. Botulinum toxin type a in the treatment of children with congenital muscular torticollis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Oct;84(10):813-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16205437?tool=bestpractice.com[36]Joyce MB, de Chalain TM. Treatment of recalcitrant idiopathic muscular torticollis in infants with botulinum toxin type a. J Craniofac Surg. 2005 Mar;16(2):321-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15750434?tool=bestpractice.com
手术结果：中等质量证据表明，88%的先天性肌斜颈病例手术后得到改善。[37]Cheng JC, Tang SP. Outcome of surgical treatment of congenital muscular torticollis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999 May;(362):190-200.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10335298?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。
手术结果：中等质量证据表明，88%的先天性肌斜颈病例手术后得到改善。[37]Cheng JC, Tang SP. Outcome of surgical treatment of congenital muscular torticollis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999 May;(362):190-200.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10335298?tool=bestpractice.com
长期预后：中等质量证据显示内窥镜下松解术治疗先天性肌斜颈患儿有更好的长期预后。[38]Burstein FD. Long-term experience with endoscopic surgical treatment for congenital muscular torticollis in infants and children: a review of 85 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004 Aug;114(2):491-3.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15277820?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。
长期预后：中等质量证据显示内窥镜下松解术治疗先天性肌斜颈患儿有更好的长期预后。[38]Burstein FD. Long-term experience with endoscopic surgical treatment for congenital muscular torticollis in infants and children: a review of 85 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004 Aug;114(2):491-3.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15277820?tool=bestpractice.com
