BMJ Best Practice

参考文献

关键文献

Read SA, Collins MJ, Carney LG. A review of astigmatism and its possible genesis. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Jan;90(1):5-19.

Gwiazda J, Grice K, Held R, et al. Astigmatism and the development of myopia in children. Vision Res. 2000;40(8):1019-1026.

Wallace DK, Morse CL, Melia M, et al. Pediatric eye evaluations Preferred practice pattern®: I. Vision screening in the primary care and community setting; II. Comprehensive ophthalmic examination. Ophthalmology. 2017 Nov 4;125(1):P184-P227.

Cennamo G, Intravaja A, Boccuzzi D, et al. Treatment of keratoconus by topography-guided customized photorefractive keratectomy: two-year follow-up study. J Refract Surg. 2008 Feb;24(2):145-9.

参考文章

1.  Benjamin WJ. Borish's clinical refraction, 1st ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders; 1998.

2.  Porter J, Guirao A, Cox IG, et al. Monochromatic aberrations of the human eye in a large population. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2001 Aug;18(8):1793-1803.

3.  Howland HC, Sayles N. Photokeratometric and photorefractive measurements of astigmatism in infants and young children. Vision Res. 1985;25(1):73-81.

4.  Friling R, Weinberger D, Kremer I, et al. Keratometry measurements in preterm and full term newborn infants. Br J Ophthalmol 2004 Jan;88(1):8-10.

5.  Atkinson J, Braddick O, French J. Infant astigmatism: its disappearance with age. Vision Res. 1980;20(11):891-3.

6.  Gwiazda J, Scheinman M, Mohindra I, et al. Astigmatism in children: changes in axis and amount from birth to six years. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984 Jan;25(1):88-92.

7.  Satterfield DS. Prevalence and variation of astigmatism in a military population. J Am Optom Assoc. 1989 Jan;60(1):14-8.

8.  Fledelius HC, Stubgaard M. Changes in refraction and corneal curvature during growth and adult life. A cross sectional study. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1986 Oct;64(5):487-91.

9.  Tong L, Saw SM, Lin Y, et al. Incidence and progression of astigmatism in Singaporean children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 Nov;45(11):3914-8.

10.  Fan DS, Rao SK, Cheung EY, et al. Astigmatism in Chinese preschool children: prevalence, change, and effect on refractive development. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004 Jul;88(7):938-41.

11.  Harvey EM, Dobson V, Miller JM. Prevalence of high astigmatism, eyeglass wear, and poor visual acuity among Native American grade school children. Optom Vis Sci. 2006 Apr;83(4):206-12.

12.  Kleinstein RN, Jones LA, Hullett S, et al. Refractive error and ethnicity in children. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Aug;121(8):1141-7.

13.  Wixson RJ. Refraction pedigrees. 2. The cornea. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom. 1965 Oct;42(10):615-8.

14.  Teikari JM, O'Donnell JJ. Astigmatism in 72 twin pairs. Cornea. 1989 Dec;8(4):263-6.

15.  Da Cunha RP, Moreira JB. Ocular findings in Down's syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Aug;122(2):236-44.

16.  Wang FM, Millman AL, Sidoti PA, et al. Ocular findings in Treacher Collins syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 1990 Sep 15;110(3):280-6.

17.  Read SA, Collins MJ, Carney LG. The influence of eyelid morphology on normal corneal shape. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jan;48(1):112-9.

18.  Nardi M, Rizzo S, Pellegrini G, et al. Effects of strabismus surgery on corneal topography. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1997 Jul-Aug;34(4):244-6.

19.  Nathan J, Kiely PM, Crewther SG, et al. Astigmatism occurring in association with pediatric eye disease. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1986 Jul;63(7):497-504.

20.  Read SA, Collins MJ, Carney LG. A review of astigmatism and its possible genesis. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Jan;90(1):5-19.

21.  Norton TT, Siegwart JT Jr. Animal models of emmetropization: matching axial length to the focal plane. J Am Optom Assoc. 1995 Jul;66(7):405-14.

22.  Gwiazda J, Grice K, Held R, et al. Astigmatism and the development of myopia in children. Vision Res. 2000;40(8):1019-1026.

23.  Meek KM, Newton RH. Organization of collagen fibrils in the corneal stroma in relation to mechanical properties and surgical practice. J Refract Surg. 1999 Nov-Dec;15(6):695-9.

24.  Copeland JC: Streak retinoscopy. In: Sloane AE, ed. Manual of refraction, 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Little, Brown; 1970.

25.  Visser N, Berendschot TT, Verbakel F, et al. Evaluation of the comparability and repeatability of four wavefront aberrometers. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Mar 10;52(3):1302-11.

26.  Gwiazda J, Mohindra I, Brill S, et al. The development of visual acuity in infant astigmats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985 Dec;26(12):1717-23.

27.  Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology; American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology. Eye examination in infants, children and young adults by pediatricians. Pediatrics. 2003 Apr;111(4 Pt 1):902-7.

28.  Fledelius HC. Ophthalmic changes from age of 10 to 18 years. A longitudinal study of sequels to low birth weight. I. Refraction. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1980 Dec;58(6):889-98.

29.  Lawless M, Coster DJ, Phillips AJ, et al. Keratoconus: diagnosis and management. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1989 Feb;17(1):33-60.

30.  Seitz B, Langenbucher A, Szentmary N, et al. Corneal curvature after penetrating keratoplasty before and after suture removal: a comparison between keratoconus and Fuchs' dystrophy. Ophthalmologica. 2006;220(5):302-6.

31.  Solomon A, Siganos CS, Frucht-Pery J. Corneal dynamics after single interrupted suture removal following penetrating keratoplasty. J Refract Surg. 1999 Jul-Aug;15(4):475-80.

32.  Sano M, Hiraoka T, Ueno Y, et al. Influence of posterior corneal astigmatism on postoperative refractive astigmatism in pseudophakic eyes after cataract surgery. BMC Ophthalmol. 2016 Dec 1;16(1):212.

33.  Corbett MC, Rosen ES, O'Brart DPS. Corneal topography: principles and applications. London, UK: BMJ Books; 1999.

34.  Naseri A, McLeod SD, Lietman T. Evaluating the human optical system: corneal topography and wavefront analysis. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2001 Jun;14(2):269-73.

35.  Rubin ML. Optics for clinicians. Gainesville, FL: Triad Publishing Company; 1977:136.

36.  Tasman W, Jaeger EA. Duane's ophthalmology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW); 2007.

37.  Fulton AB. Screening preschool children to detect visual and ocular disorders. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992 Nov;110(11):1553-4.

38.  Morad Y, Bakshi E, Levin A, et al. Screening and treating amblyopia: are we making a difference? Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 May;48(5):2084-8.

39.  Gwiazda J, Thorn F, Bauer J, et al. Emmetropization and the progression of manifest refraction in children followed from infancy to puberty. Clin Vis Sci. 1993;8:337.

40.  Blum HL, Peters HB, Bettman JW. Vision screening for elementary schools: the Orinda Study. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press; 1959.

41.  Wallace DK, Morse CL, Melia M, et al. Pediatric eye evaluations Preferred practice pattern®: I. Vision screening in the primary care and community setting; II. Comprehensive ophthalmic examination. Ophthalmology. 2017 Nov 4;125(1):P184-P227.

42.  Williams RA, Fender DH. The synchrony of binocular saccadic eye movements. Vision Res. 1977 Feb;17(2):303-6.

43.  Huang D, Schallhorn SC, Sugar A, et al. Phakic intraocular lens implantation for the correction of myopia: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology. 2009 Nov;116(11):2244-58.

44.  Boxer Wachler BS, Christie JP, Chandra NS, et al. Intacs for keratoconus. Ophthalmology. 2003 May;110(5):1031-40.

45.  Yoshida Y, Nakamura T, Hara S, et al. Topography-guided custom ablation for irregular corneal astigmatism using the NIDEK NAVEX Laser System. J Refract Surg. 2008 Jan;24(1):24-32.

46.  Cennamo G, Intravaja A, Boccuzzi D, et al. Treatment of keratoconus by topography-guided customized photorefractive keratectomy: two-year follow-up study. J Refract Surg. 2008 Feb;24(2):145-9.

47.  Kremer I, Shochot Y, Kaplan A, et al. Three year results of photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy for mild and atypical keratoconus. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1998 Dec;24(12):1581-8.

48.  Alpins N, Stamatelatos G. Customized photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy using combined topographic and refractive data for myopia and astigmatism in eyes with forme fruste and mild keratoconus. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007 Apr;33(4):591-602.

49.  Wollensak G. Crosslinking treatment of progressive keratoconus: new hope. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2006 Aug;17(4):356-60.

50.  Núñez MX, Henriquez MA, Escaf LJ, et al. Consensus on the management of astigmatism in cataract surgery. Clin Ophthalmol. 2019 Feb 11;13:311-24.

51.  Bansal AK. Photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy for correction of astigmatism after keratoplasty. J Refract Surg. 1999 Mar-Apr;15(2 Suppl):S243-5.

52.  Rajan MS, O'Brart DP, Patel P, et al. Topography-guided customized laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for the treatment of postkeratoplasty astigmatism. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006 Jun;32(6):949-57.

53.  Maheshwari S. Pterygium-induced corneal refractive changes. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep-Oct;55(5):383-6.

54.  Cosar CB, Rapuano CJ, Cohen EJ, et al. Chalazion as a cause of decreased vision after LASIK. Cornea. 2001 Nov;20(8):890-2.

55.  Robb RM. Refractive errors associated with hemangiomas of the eyelids and orbit in infancy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1977 Jan;83(1):52-8.

56.  Artola A, Ayala MJ, Claramonte P, et al. Photorefractive keratectomy for residual myopia after cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1999 Nov;25(11):1456-60.

57.  Norouzi H, Rahmati-Kamel M. Laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of induced astigmatism from cataract surgery. J Refract Surg. 2003 Jul-Aug;19(4):416-24.

58.  Akura J, Matsuura K, Hatta S, et al. A new concept for the correction of astigmatism: full-arc, depth-dependent astigmatic keratotomy. Ophthalmology. 2000 Jan;107(1):95-104.

59.  Holland E, Lane S, Horn JD, et al. The AcrySof Toric intraocular lens in subjects with cataracts and corneal astigmatism: a randomized, subject-masked, parallel-group, 1-year study. Ophthalmology. 2010;117:2104-2111.

60.  Mingo-Botín D, Muñoz-Negrete FJ, Won Kim HR, et al. Comparison of toric intraocular lenses and peripheral corneal relaxing incisions to treat astigmatism during cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010;36:1700-1708.

61.  Tuft SJ, Moodaley LC, Gregory WM, et al. Prognostic factors for the progression of keratoconus. Ophthalmology. 1994 Mar;101(3):439-47.

62.  Mitchell DE, Freeman RD, Millodot M, et al. Meridional amblyopia: evidence for modification of the human visual system by early visual experience. Vision Res. 1973 Mar;13(3):535-58.

63.  Donahue SP, Arthur B, Neely DE, et al. Guidelines for automated preschool vision screening: a 10-year, evidence-based update. J AAPOS. 2013 Feb;17(1):4-8.

使用此内容应接受我们的免责声明