血吸虫病

青蒿素和其衍生物

这种抗疟疾药物和它的衍生物（蒿甲醚和青蒿酯）对未成熟的血吸虫幼虫有效，但不影响成虫。[61]Utzinger J, Xiao SH, Tanner M, et al. Artemisinins for schistosomiasis and beyond. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2007;8:105-116.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17328226?tool=bestpractice.com目前对青蒿素在急性血吸虫病是否能有效清除移动的幼虫和预防慢性血吸虫感染的研究正在进行。[65]Utzinger J, Keiser J, Shuhua X, et al. Combination chemotherapy of schistosomiasis in laboratory studies and clinical trials. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47:1487-1495.http://aac.asm.org/cgi/content/full/47/5/1487http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12709312?tool=bestpractice.com[72]Hua HY, Liang YS, Zhang Y, et al. The sensitivity of artesunate against Schistosoma japonicum decreased after 10 years of use in China. Parasitol Res. 2010;107:873-878.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20549236?tool=bestpractice.com[73]Obonyo CO, Muok EM, Mwinzi PN. Efficacy of artesunate with sulfalene plus pyrimethamine versus praziquantel for treatment of Schistosoma mansoni in Kenyan children: an open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10:603-611.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20705516?tool=bestpractice.com在慢性血吸虫感染中单用青蒿素衍生物比吡喹酮效果要差。[74]Pérez del Villar L, Burguillo FJ, López-Abán J, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of artemisinin based therapies for the treatment and prevention of schistosomiasis. PLoS One. 2012;7:e45867.http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0045867http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23029285?tool=bestpractice.com在高度流行区域，吡喹酮和青蒿素联合治疗比单用吡喹酮更能有效的减少虫卵。[75]Utzinger J, N'Goran EK, N'Dri A, et al. Oral artemether for prevention of Schistosoma mansoni infection: randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2000;355:1320-1325.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10776745?tool=bestpractice.com与青蒿素衍生物联合治疗对血吸虫感染的处理还未完全得到阐明。[74]Pérez del Villar L, Burguillo FJ, López-Abán J, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of artemisinin based therapies for the treatment and prevention of schistosomiasis. PLoS One. 2012;7:e45867.http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0045867http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23029285?tool=bestpractice.com[76]Hou XY, McManus DP, Gray DJ, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of safety and efficacy of combined praziquantel and artemether treatment for acute schistosomiasis japonica in China. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86:788-795.http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862008001000015&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=enhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18949216?tool=bestpractice.com[77]Inyang-Etoh PC, Ejezie GC, Useh MF, et al. Efficacy of a combination of praziquantel and artesunate in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis in Nigeria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009;103:38-44.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18838149?tool=bestpractice.com有其他研究在调查青蒿素作为旅游者预防血吸虫病的潜力。