孕期及婴儿期的预防得到了很大的关注,但并没有明确的证据表明孕期母亲特殊的饮食干预和避免接触过敏原会预防孩子特应性皮炎的发生。虽然需要开展质量更高且规模更大的临床试验,但有一些证据表明,哺乳期母亲避免接触食物性抗原可能会降低婴儿湿疹的严重程度,并降低高风险女性所产婴儿患特应性湿疹的风险。[20]Kramer MS, Kakuma R. Maternal dietary antigen avoidance during pregnancy or lactation, or both, for preventing or treating atopic disease in the child. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9):CD000133.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD000133.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22972039?tool=bestpractice.com
虽然益生菌治疗已被推广作为预防措施,但可用数据的质量较低或非常低。[21]Cuello-Garcia CA, Brożek JL, Fiocchi A, et al. Probiotics for the prevention of allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136:952-961.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26044853?tool=bestpractice.com