Wilms 瘤或肾母细胞瘤是儿童期最常见的肾恶性肿瘤。
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 切除的 Wilms 瘤犹他州盐湖城犹他大学健康科学中心 (University of Utah Health Sciences Center)；经许可后使用 [Citation ends].通常出现于 2-5 岁。[1]D'Angio GJ. The National Wilms Tumor Study: a 40 year perspective. Lifetime Data Anal. 2007;13:463-470.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18027087?tool=bestpractice.com[2]Kaste SC, Dome JS, Babyn PS, et al. Wilms tumour: prognostic factors, staging, therapy and late effects. Pediatr Radiol. 2008;38:2-17.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18026723?tool=bestpractice.com美国每年约有 500 名儿童和不到 20 岁的青少年被诊断为该疾病。[3]Breslow N, Olshan A, Beckwith JB, et al. Epidemiology of Wilms tumor. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1993;21:172-181.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7680412?tool=bestpractice.com[4]Bunin GR, Meadows AT. Epidemiology and Wilms tumor: approaches and methods. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1993;21:169-171.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8383277?tool=bestpractice.com在某些先天性过度生长综合征、先天性非过度生长综合征以及先天性泌尿生殖器异常的儿童中，发生 Wilms 瘤的风险增加。[5]Green DM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, et al. Screening of children with hemihypertrophy, aniridia, and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in patients with Wilms tumor: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1993;21:188-192.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8095320?tool=bestpractice.com[6]Heppe RK, Koyle MA, Beckwith JB. Nephrogenic rests in Wilms tumor patients with the Drash syndrome. J Urol. 1991;145:1225-1228.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1851891?tool=bestpractice.com[7]Breslow NE, Norris R, Norkool PA, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of children with the Wilms tumor-Aniridia syndrome: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:4579-4585.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14673045?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Mahmood A, Ghafoor T, Badsha S. Wilms' tumour: presentation and treatment. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2004;14:142-145.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15228845?tool=bestpractice.com[9]Breslow NE, Olson J, Moksness J, et al. Familial Wilms' tumor: a descriptive study. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1996;27:398-403.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8827065?tool=bestpractice.com[10]van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Grundy P, Graf N, et al. Characteristics and survival of 750 children diagnosed with a renal tumor in the first seven months of life: a collaborative study by the SIOP/GPOH/SFOP, NWTSG, and UKCCSG Wilms tumor study groups. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2008;50:1130-1134.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18095319?tool=bestpractice.com局灶性疾病的长期存活率近 90%。
