接受癌症治疗患者的预防性抗真菌治疗:高级别证据表明,对于接受癌症治疗的患者,接受胃肠道吸收或部分吸收抗真菌药物预防性治疗的患者与未接受者相比,发生口咽念珠菌病的可能更小。[53]Meunier F, Paesmans M, Autier P. Value of antifungal prophylaxis with antifungal drugs against oropharyngeal candidiasis in cancer patients. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol. 1994;30B:196-199.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7920166?tool=bestpractice.com[54]Clarkson JE, Worthington HV, Eden OB. Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(1):CD003807.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003807.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17253497?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
接受癌症治疗患者的预防性抗真菌治疗:高级别证据表明,对于接受癌症治疗的患者,接受胃肠道吸收或部分吸收抗真菌药物预防性治疗的患者与未接受者相比,发生口咽念珠菌病的可能更小。[53]Meunier F, Paesmans M, Autier P. Value of antifungal prophylaxis with antifungal drugs against oropharyngeal candidiasis in cancer patients. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol. 1994;30B:196-199.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7920166?tool=bestpractice.com[54]Clarkson JE, Worthington HV, Eden OB. Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(1):CD003807.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003807.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17253497?tool=bestpractice.com
HIV患者口腔念珠菌病的预防:高级别证据表明,HIV患者预防性应用氟康唑可有效防止口腔念珠菌病的发生。[57]Powderly WG, Finkelstein D, Feinberg J, et al. A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with clotrimazole troches for the prevention of fungal infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:700-705.http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199503163321102#t=articlehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7854376?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Patton LL, Bonito AJ, Shugars DA. A systematic review of the effectiveness of antifungal drugs for the prevention and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-positive patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2001;92:170-179.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11505264?tool=bestpractice.com[59]Havlir DV, Dube MP, McCutchan JA, et al. Prophylaxis with weekly versus daily fluconazole for fungal infections in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27:1369-1375.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9868644?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
HIV患者口腔念珠菌病的预防:高级别证据表明,HIV患者预防性应用氟康唑可有效防止口腔念珠菌病的发生。[57]Powderly WG, Finkelstein D, Feinberg J, et al. A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with clotrimazole troches for the prevention of fungal infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:700-705.http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199503163321102#t=articlehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7854376?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Patton LL, Bonito AJ, Shugars DA. A systematic review of the effectiveness of antifungal drugs for the prevention and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-positive patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2001;92:170-179.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11505264?tool=bestpractice.com[59]Havlir DV, Dube MP, McCutchan JA, et al. Prophylaxis with weekly versus daily fluconazole for fungal infections in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27:1369-1375.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9868644?tool=bestpractice.com
HIV感染患者口腔念珠菌病治疗中氟康唑及克霉唑的应用:高级别证据表明,氟康唑在HIV感染患者的口咽念珠菌病的治疗中可抑制念珠菌再定植及复发,疗效持久。克霉唑每天50毫克使用与氟康唑疗效相当。[33]Sangeorzan JA, Bradley SF, He X, et al. Epidemiology of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: colonization, infection, treatment, and emergence of fluconazole resistance. Am J Med. 1994;97:339-346.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7942935?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Patton LL, Bonito AJ, Shugars DA. A systematic review of the effectiveness of antifungal drugs for the prevention and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-positive patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2001;92:170-179.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11505264?tool=bestpractice.com[74]Pons V, Greenspan D, Debruin M. Therapy for oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: a randomized, prospective multicenter study of oral fluconazole versus clotrimazole troches. The Multicenter Study Group. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1993;6:1317-1318.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8254467?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
HIV感染患者口腔念珠菌病治疗中氟康唑及克霉唑的应用:高级别证据表明,氟康唑在HIV感染患者的口咽念珠菌病的治疗中可抑制念珠菌再定植及复发,疗效持久。克霉唑每天50毫克使用与氟康唑疗效相当。[33]Sangeorzan JA, Bradley SF, He X, et al. Epidemiology of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: colonization, infection, treatment, and emergence of fluconazole resistance. Am J Med. 1994;97:339-346.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7942935?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Patton LL, Bonito AJ, Shugars DA. A systematic review of the effectiveness of antifungal drugs for the prevention and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-positive patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2001;92:170-179.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11505264?tool=bestpractice.com[74]Pons V, Greenspan D, Debruin M. Therapy for oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: a randomized, prospective multicenter study of oral fluconazole versus clotrimazole troches. The Multicenter Study Group. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1993;6:1317-1318.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8254467?tool=bestpractice.com
HIV感染患者口咽念珠菌病治疗氟康唑耐药的口咽念珠菌病患者中伊曲康唑混悬液的应用:高级别证据表明,伊曲康唑混悬液在HIV感染患者口咽念珠菌病的治疗中,与氟康唑片剂疗效相当。[77]Graybill JR, Vazquez J, Darouiche RO, et al. Randomized trial of itraconazole oral solution for oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients. Am J Med. 1998;104:33-39.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9528717?tool=bestpractice.com[78]Phillips P, De Beule K, Frechette G, et al. A double-blind comparison of itraconazole oral solution and fluconazole capsules for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;26:1368-1373.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9636865?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
HIV感染患者口咽念珠菌病治疗氟康唑耐药的口咽念珠菌病患者中伊曲康唑混悬液的应用:高级别证据表明,伊曲康唑混悬液在HIV感染患者口咽念珠菌病的治疗中,与氟康唑片剂疗效相当。[77]Graybill JR, Vazquez J, Darouiche RO, et al. Randomized trial of itraconazole oral solution for oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients. Am J Med. 1998;104:33-39.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9528717?tool=bestpractice.com[78]Phillips P, De Beule K, Frechette G, et al. A double-blind comparison of itraconazole oral solution and fluconazole capsules for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;26:1368-1373.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9636865?tool=bestpractice.com
氟康唑耐药的口咽念珠菌病患者中伊曲康唑混悬液的应用:中等级别的证据表明,在HIV感染患者出现氟康唑治疗失败的口咽念珠菌病时,伊曲康唑混悬液治疗有效。[81]Eichel M, Just-Nubling G, Helm EB, et al. Itraconazole suspension in the treatment of HIV-infected patients with fluconazole-resistant oropharyngeal candidiasis and esophagitis (German). Mycoses. 1996;39(suppl 1):102-106.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8767280?tool=bestpractice.com[83]Saag MS, Fessel WJ, Kaufman CA, et al. Treatment of fluconazole-refractory oropharyngeal candidiasis with itraconazole oral solution in HIV-positive patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999;15:1413-1417.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10555103?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
氟康唑耐药的口咽念珠菌病患者中伊曲康唑混悬液的应用:中等级别的证据表明,在HIV感染患者出现氟康唑治疗失败的口咽念珠菌病时,伊曲康唑混悬液治疗有效。[81]Eichel M, Just-Nubling G, Helm EB, et al. Itraconazole suspension in the treatment of HIV-infected patients with fluconazole-resistant oropharyngeal candidiasis and esophagitis (German). Mycoses. 1996;39(suppl 1):102-106.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8767280?tool=bestpractice.com[83]Saag MS, Fessel WJ, Kaufman CA, et al. Treatment of fluconazole-refractory oropharyngeal candidiasis with itraconazole oral solution in HIV-positive patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999;15:1413-1417.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10555103?tool=bestpractice.com
癌症患者口腔念珠菌感染的根除:低级别证据表明,从胃肠道吸收的抗真菌药物对于根除癌症患者口腔念珠菌病有效。[55]Worthington HV, Clarkson JE, Khalid T, et al. Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(7):CD001972.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001972.pub4/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17443513?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
癌症患者口腔念珠菌感染的根除:低级别证据表明,从胃肠道吸收的抗真菌药物对于根除癌症患者口腔念珠菌病有效。[55]Worthington HV, Clarkson JE, Khalid T, et al. Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(7):CD001972.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001972.pub4/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17443513?tool=bestpractice.com