未治疗的患者,最终身高平均值有报道在151~155 cm(59.5 至61英寸)。 促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗可改善快速进展青春期儿童最终身高(同预测的最终身高相比),尤其在低龄儿童(小于6岁)。[5]Pescovitz OH, Comite F, Hench K, et al. The NIH experience with precocious puberty: diagnostic subgroups and response to short-term luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue therapy. J Pediatr. 1986;108:47-54.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3080571?tool=bestpractice.com[39]Galluzzi F, Salti R, Bindi G, et al. Adult height comparison between boys and girls with precocious puberty after long-term gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue therapy. Acta Paediatr. 1998 May;87(5):521-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9641733?tool=bestpractice.com[40]Paul D, Conte FA, Grumbach MM, et al. Long-term effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy on final and near-final height in 26 children with true precocious puberty treated at a median age of less than 5 years. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Feb;80(2):546-51.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7852518?tool=bestpractice.com[41]Kletter GB, Kelch RP. Clinical review 60: effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog therapy on adult stature in precocious puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Aug;79(2):331-4.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8045943?tool=bestpractice.com 只有极少量的可靠证据表明可改善6~8岁女童最终身高;而在8-10岁的女性患儿,促性腺激素释放激素激动剂对最终身高无明显益处。[43]Carel JC, Lahlou N, Roger M, et al. Precocious puberty and statural growth. Hum Reprod Update. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):135-47.http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/content/10/2/135.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15073143?tool=bestpractice.com 鲜有证据表明治疗对男孩最终身高有益处。停药3到4个月后促性腺激素重新开始分泌,恢复正常青春期发育和生育能力。
部分患者中,同影响最终身高相比,短期和长期的心理影响所带来的后果更严重。 这可以导致破坏性行为,社交困难及过早发生性行为。 较小女童对月经初潮的应对困难也需要进行社会心理上的调整。