腹主动脉瘤

确定性检查（敏感性和特异性分别为 92%-99% 和近 100%）。[1]Dehlin JM, Upchurch GR. Management of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2005 Jun;7(2):119-30.[2]Johnston KW, Rutherford RB, Tilson MD, et al. Suggested standards for reporting on arterial aneurysms. J Vasc Surg. 1991 Mar;13(3):452-8.[57]Fink HA, Lederle FA, Roth CS, et al. The accuracy of physical examination to detect abdominal aortic aneurysm. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Mar 27;160(6):833-6.https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/485262[58]Cosford PA, Leng GC. Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Apr 18;(2):CD002945.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD002945.pub2/full

与主动脉轴垂直进行超声检查，因为斜视图可能会高估真实的主动脉直径。[2]Johnston KW, Rutherford RB, Tilson MD, et al. Suggested standards for reporting on arterial aneurysms. J Vasc Surg. 1991 Mar;13(3):452-8.

近主动脉分叉处的观察者自身相关性可能优于肾下主动脉近端。[61]Lindholt JS, Vammen S, Juul S, et al. The validity of ultrasonographic scanning as screening method for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 1999 Jun;17(6):472-5.

不幸的是，在接近肾动脉起源处或肾动脉近端，超声影像学检查的实用性很小。[62]Vowden P, Wilkinson D, Ausobsky JR, et al. A comparison of three imaging techniques in the assessment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1989 Nov-Dec;30(6):891-6.[63]Taylor SM, Mills JL, Fujitani RM. The juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm: a more common problem than previously realized? Arch Surg. 1994 Jul;129(7):734-7.

由于患者的性别和身材存在差异，腹主动脉扩张大于该节段预期前后径的 1.5 倍；最常应用的阈值是直径为 3 cm 或以上[3]

提示炎症性 AAA。

升高

全血细胞计数 (FBC) 发现白细胞增多和相对性贫血，且血培养阳性，提示感染性 AAA。

白细胞增多、贫血

全血细胞计数 (FBC) 发现白细胞增多和相对性贫血，且血培养阳性，提示感染性 AAA。

阳性

可能显示腹膜后血肿、主动脉壁中断、造影剂外渗到腹膜腔，这些都是发生破裂的征象。[9]Zankl AR, Schumacher H, Krumsdorf U, et al. Pathology, natural history and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Clin Res Cardiol. 2007 Mar;96(3):140-51.[64]Rakita D, Newatia A, Hines JJ, et al. Spectrum of CT findings in rupture and impending rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Radiographics. 2007 Mar-Apr;27(2):497-507.

也可帮助诊断接近肾动脉起源处或肾动脉近端的主动脉瘤。[63]Taylor SM, Mills JL, Fujitani RM. The juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm: a more common problem than previously realized? Arch Surg. 1994 Jul;129(7):734-7.[64]Rakita D, Newatia A, Hines JJ, et al. Spectrum of CT findings in rupture and impending rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Radiographics. 2007 Mar-Apr;27(2):497-507.

术中规划的首选检查；需要 0.5 mm 的切片，并且 3D 重建对准确规划至关重要。

由于患者的性别和身材存在差异，腹主动脉扩张大于该节段预期前后径的 1.5 倍；最常应用的阈值是直径为 3 cm 或以上[3]

如果患者对碘化造影剂过敏，这是用于指导手术方案的首选术前检查。

由于患者的性别和身材存在差异，腹主动脉扩张大于该节段预期前后径的 1.5 倍；最常应用的阈值是直径为 3 cm 或以上[3]