棘白菌素
棘白菌素是一类的抑制真菌细胞壁分子葡聚糖的合成的抗真菌药物。已有动物研究和病例报告。[104]Annaloro C, Della Volpe A, Usardi P, et al. Caspofungin treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia during conditioning for bone marrow transplantation. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006;25:52-54.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16365723?tool=bestpractice.com[105]Hof H, Schnulle P. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in a patient with Wegeners granulomatosis treated efficiently with caspofungin. Mycoses. 2008;51(suppl 1):65-67.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18471163?tool=bestpractice.com[106]Powles MA, Liberator P, Anderson J, et al. Efficacy of MK-991 (L-743,872), a semisynthetic pneumocandin, in murine models of Pneumocystis carinii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42:1985-1989.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9687394?tool=bestpractice.com[107]Utili R, Durante-Mangoni E, Basilico C, et al. Efficacy of caspofungin addition to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for severe Pneumocystis pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2007;84:685-688.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17893600?tool=bestpractice.com[108]Waters L, Nelson A. The use of caspofungin in HIV-infected individuals. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2007;16:899-908.没有临床试验数据。未来，棘白菌素可能会越来越多地用于卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的治疗。
