吸入性肺炎

Marik PE. Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:665-671.

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Marik PE, Kaplan D. Aspiration pneumonia and dysphagia in the elderly. Chest. 2003;124:328-336.

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Johnson JL, Hirsch CS. Aspiration pneumonia. Postgrad Med. 2003;113:99-102,105-106,111-112.

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1.  Bartlett JG, Gorbach SL, Finegold SM. The bacteriology of aspiration pneumonia. Am J Med. 1974;56:202-207.

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2.  El-Solh AA, Pietrantoni C, Bhat A, et al. Microbiology of severe aspiration pneumonia in institutionalized elderly. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:1650-1654.

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3.  Marik PE. Pulmonary aspiration syndromes. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2011;17:148-154.

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4.  Lanspa MJ, Peyrani P, Wiemken T, et al. Characteristics associated with clinician diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia: a descriptive study of afflicted patients and their outcomes. J Hosp Med. 2015;10:90-96.

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5.  Taylor JK, Fleming GB, Singanayagam A, et al. Risk factors for aspiration in community-acquired pneumonia: analysis of a hospitalized UK cohort. Am J Med. 2013;126:995-1001.

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6.  Marik PE. Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:665-671.

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7.  Huxley EJ, Viroslav J, Gary WR, et al. Pharyngeal aspiration in normal adults and patients with depressed consciousness. Am J Med. 1978;64:564-568.

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8.  Baine WB, Yu W, Summe JP. Epidemiologic trends in the hospitalization of elderly Medicare patients for pneumonia, 1991-1998. Am J Public Health. 2001;91:1121-1123.

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9.  Lanspa MJ, Jones BE, Brown SM, et al. Mortality, morbidity, and disease severity of patients with aspiration pneumonia. J Hosp Med. 2013;8:83-90.

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10.  Marik PE, Kaplan D. Aspiration pneumonia and dysphagia in the elderly. Chest. 2003;124:328-336.

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11.  Johnson JL, Hirsch CS. Aspiration pneumonia. Postgrad Med. 2003;113:99-102,105-106,111-112.

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12.  Tokuyasu H, Harada T, Watanabe E, et al. Effectiveness of meropenem for the treatment of aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients. Intern Med. 2009;48:129-135.

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13.  Takayanagi N, Kagiyama N, Ishiguro T, et al. Etiology and outcome of community-acquired lung abscess. Respiration. 2010;80:98-105.

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14.  Dickson RP, Erb-Downward JR, Huffnagle GB. Homeostasis and its disruption in the lung microbiome. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2015;309:L1047-L1055.

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15.  Purkey MT, Levine MS, Prendes B, et al. Predictors of aspiration pneumonia following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2009;118:811-816.

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16.  Manabe T, Teramoto S, Tamiya N, et al. Risk factors for aspiration pneumonia in older adults. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0140060.

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17.  American Society of Anesthesiologists. Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Preoperative Fasting and the Use of Pharmacologic Agents to Reduce the Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration. Anesthesiology. 2017;126:376-393.

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18.  Kalil AC, Metersky ML, Klompas M, et al. Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63:e61-e111.

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19.  Pace CC, McCullough GH. The association between oral microorganisms and aspiration pneumonia in the institutionalized elderly: review and recommendations. Dysphagia. 2010;25:307-322.

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20.  Torres A, Serra-Batlles J, Ros E, et al. Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:540-543.

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21.  Orozco-Levi M, Torres A, Ferrer M, et al. Semirecumbent position protects from pulmonary aspiration but not completely from gastroesophageal reflux in mechanically ventilated patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152:1387-1390.

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22.  Sarin J, Balasubramaniam R, Corcoran AM, et al. Reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia among elderly patients in long-term care facilities through oral health preventions. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2008;9:128-135.

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23.  Loeb MB, Becker M, Eady A, et al. Interventions to prevent aspiration pneumonia in older adults: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51:1018-1022.

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24.  Yoneyama T, Yoshida M, Ohrui T, et al. Oral care reduces pneumonia in older patients in nursing homes. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50:430-433.

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25.  Sjögren P, Nilsson E, Forsell M, et al. A systematic review of the preventive effect of oral hygiene on pneumonia and respiratory tract infection in elderly people in hospitals and nursing homes: effect estimates and methodological quality of randomized controlled trials. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56:2124-2130.

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26.  Scannapieco FA. Pneumonia in nonambulatory patients: the role of oral bacteria and oral hygiene. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137(suppl 2):21S-25S.

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27.  van der Maarel-Wierink CD, Vanobbergen JN, Bronkhorst EM, et al. Oral health care and aspiration pneumonia in frail older people: a systematic literature review. Gerodontology. 2013;30:3-9.

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28.  Tada A, Miura H. Prevention of aspiration pneumonia (AP) with oral care. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012;55:16-21.

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29.  Sjögren P, Wårdh I, Zimmerman M, et al. Oral care and mortality in older adults with pneumonia in hospitals or nursing homes: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64:2109-2115.

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30.  Alkhawaja S, Martin C, Butler RJ, et al. Post-pyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preventing pneumonia and improving nutritional outcomes in critically ill adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(8):CD008875.

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31.  Horiuchi A, Nakayama Y, Sakai R, et al. Elemental diets may reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia in bedridden gastrostomy-fed patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108:804-810.

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32.  Takatori K, Yoshida R, Horai A, et al. Therapeutic effects of mosapride citrate and lansoprazole for prevention of aspiration pneumonia in patients receiving gastrostomy feeding. J Gastroenterol. 2013;48:1105-1110.

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33.  El Solh AA, Saliba R. Pharmacologic prevention of aspiration pneumonia: a systematic review. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother. 2007;5:352-362.

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34.  Brady M, Kinn S, Ness V, et al. Preoperative fasting for preventing perioperative complications in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(4):CD005285.

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35.  Puig I, Calzado S, Suárez D, et al. Meta-analysis: comparative efficacy of H2-receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors for reducing aspiration risk during anaesthesia depending on the administration route and schedule. Pharmacol Res. 2012;65:480-490.

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36.  Eom CS, Jeon CY, Lim JW, et al. Use of acid-suppressive drugs and risk of pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2011;183:310-319.

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37.  Paranjothy S, Griffiths JD, Broughton HK, et al. Interventions at caesarean section for reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(2):CD004943.

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38.  Warusevitane A, Karunatilake D, Sim J, et al. Safety and effect of metoclopramide to prevent pneumonia in patients with stroke fed via nasogastric tubes trial. Stroke. 2015;46:454-460.

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39.  Brodsky MB, Suiter DM, González-Fernández M, et al. Screening accuracy for aspiration using bedside water swallow tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest. 2016;150:148-163.

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40.  Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Mar 1;44 Suppl 2:S27-72.

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41.  Daoud E, Guzman J. Q: Are antibiotics indicated for the treatment of aspiration pneumonia? Cleve Clin J Med. 2010;77:573-576.

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42.  Chalmers JD, Rother C, Salih W, et al. Healthcare-associated pneumonia does not accurately identify potentially resistant pathogens: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;58:330-339.

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43.  Arai T, Yasuda Y, Takaya T, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and symptomless dysphagia. Chest. 2000;117:1819-1820.

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44.  Shinohara Y, Origasa H. Post-stroke pneumonia prevention by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: results of a meta-analysis of five studies in Asians. Adv Ther. 2012;29:900-912.

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45.  Yamaya M, Yanai M, Ohrui T, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for prevention of pneumonia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001;49:687-688.

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46.  Osawa A, Maeshima S, Tanahashi N. Efficacy of cilostazol in preventing aspiration pneumonia in acute cerebral infarction. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2013;22:857-861.

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47.  Ebihara S, Kohzuki M, Sumi Y, et al. Sensory stimulation to improve swallowing reflex and prevent aspiration pneumonia in elderly dysphagic people. J Pharmacol Sci. 2011;115:99-104.

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48.  El-Solh AA, Vora H, Knight PR 3rd, et al. Diagnostic use of serum procalcitonin levels in pulmonary aspiration syndromes. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:1251-1256.

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