预后通常良好。 大多数患者经治疗后甲状腺功能亢进得到缓解。 大约 45% 至 75% 患者在接受 I-131 治疗后经过数年甲状腺功能依然正常。[51]Hegedüs L. Clinical practice. The thyroid nodule. N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 21;351(17):1764-71.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15496625?tool=bestpractice.com 然而,手术和放射性碘疗法都会带来[52]Ceccarelli C, Bencivelli W, Vitti P, et al. Outcome of radioiodine-131 therapy in hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules: a 20 years’ retrospective study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Mar;62(3):331-5.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15730415?tool=bestpractice.com 甲状腺功能减退的中等长期风险。
结节最终会缩小约 45% 至 70%。[31]Tarantini B, Ciuoli C, DiCairano G, et al. Effectiveness of radioiodine (131-I) as definitive therapy in patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006 Jul-Aug;29(7):594-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16957406?tool=bestpractice.com[32]Nygaard B, Hegedus L, Nielsen KG, et al. Long-term effect of radioactive iodine on thyroid function and size in patients with solitary autonomously functioning toxic thyroid nodules. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Feb;50(2):197-202.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10396362?tool=bestpractice.com[33]Erdogan MF, Kucuk NO, Anil C, et al. Effect of radioiodine therapy on thyroid nodule size and function in patients with toxic adenomas. Nucl Med Commun. 2004 Nov;25(11):1083-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15577585?tool=bestpractice.com 结节缩小主要发生于手术后的最初 3 个月期间。[33]Erdogan MF, Kucuk NO, Anil C, et al. Effect of radioiodine therapy on thyroid nodule size and function in patients with toxic adenomas. Nucl Med Commun. 2004 Nov;25(11):1083-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15577585?tool=bestpractice.com