益生菌
理论上说,非致病性链球菌菌株在口咽部的定植可以减少细菌性扁桃体炎的反复发作。有迹象表明,接受口服益生菌治疗的儿童,其 A 族 β 溶血性链球菌 (GABHS) 扁桃体炎的发作有所减少,但还需随机安慰剂对照研究以验证其有效性。[42]Gregori G, Righi O, Risso P, et al. Reduction of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus pharyngo-tonsillar infections associated with use of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12: a retrospective observational study. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2016;12:87-92.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4725641/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26855579?tool=bestpractice.com 尚未表明益生菌与青霉素治疗联用能减轻急性扁桃体炎患者的症状严重程度或缩短病程。[43]Gilbey P, Livshits L, Sharabi-Nov A, et al. Probiotics in addition to antibiotics for the treatment of acute tonsillitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015;34:1011-1015.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25616551?tool=bestpractice.com