最初反应率:高质量的证据表明,对于患有婴儿痉挛的婴儿,无论是何种病因,最初用高剂量氨己烯酸(100-148 mg/kg/天)治疗的婴儿在 14 天内的初始反应率高于最初用低剂量氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿(18-36 mg/kg/天;68.2% vs 51.8%)。[44]Elterman RD, Shields WD, Bittman RM, et al. Vigabatrin for the treatment of infantile spasms: final report of a randomized trial. J Child Neurol. 2010 Nov;25(11):1340-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20404353?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
最初反应率:高质量的证据表明,对于患有婴儿痉挛的婴儿,无论是何种病因,最初用高剂量氨己烯酸(100-148 mg/kg/天)治疗的婴儿在 14 天内的初始反应率高于最初用低剂量氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿(18-36 mg/kg/天;68.2% vs 51.8%)。[44]Elterman RD, Shields WD, Bittman RM, et al. Vigabatrin for the treatment of infantile spasms: final report of a randomized trial. J Child Neurol. 2010 Nov;25(11):1340-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20404353?tool=bestpractice.com
复发率:高质量的证据表明,对于婴儿痉挛的患儿,无论是何种病因,最初用高剂量氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿的复发率低于 (11.8%) 最初用低剂量氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿 (25%),而复发出现的时间(162 天)比后者更晚(45 天)。[44]Elterman RD, Shields WD, Bittman RM, et al. Vigabatrin for the treatment of infantile spasms: final report of a randomized trial. J Child Neurol. 2010 Nov;25(11):1340-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20404353?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
复发率:高质量的证据表明,对于婴儿痉挛的患儿,无论是何种病因,最初用高剂量氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿的复发率低于 (11.8%) 最初用低剂量氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿 (25%),而复发出现的时间(162 天)比后者更晚(45 天)。[44]Elterman RD, Shields WD, Bittman RM, et al. Vigabatrin for the treatment of infantile spasms: final report of a randomized trial. J Child Neurol. 2010 Nov;25(11):1340-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20404353?tool=bestpractice.com
痉挛复发或日后出现癫痫的几率:高质量的证据表明,在 14 个月和 4 岁时的痉挛复发率或后续癫痫出现几率方面,最初接受氨己烯酸治疗的患者与最初接受激素治疗的患者之间没有显著区别。[26]Hancock EC, Osborne JP, Edwards SW. Treatment of infantile spasms. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 5;(6):CD001770.https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001770.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23740534?tool=bestpractice.com[34]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS) comparing hormone treatment with vigabatrin on developmental and epilepsy outcomes to age 14 months: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2005 Nov;4(11):712-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239177?tool=bestpractice.com[35]Darke K, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al; trial steering committee on behalf of participating investigators. Developmental and epilepsy outcomes at age 4 years in the UKISS trial comparing hormonal treatments to vigabatrin for infantile spasms: a multi-centre randomised trial. Arch Dis Child. 2010 May;95(5):382-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20457702?tool=bestpractice.com[38]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study comparing vigabatrin with prednisolone or tetracosactide at 14 days: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004 Nov 13-19;364(9447):1773-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15541450?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
痉挛复发或日后出现癫痫的几率:高质量的证据表明,在 14 个月和 4 岁时的痉挛复发率或后续癫痫出现几率方面,最初接受氨己烯酸治疗的患者与最初接受激素治疗的患者之间没有显著区别。[26]Hancock EC, Osborne JP, Edwards SW. Treatment of infantile spasms. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 5;(6):CD001770.https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001770.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23740534?tool=bestpractice.com[34]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS) comparing hormone treatment with vigabatrin on developmental and epilepsy outcomes to age 14 months: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2005 Nov;4(11):712-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239177?tool=bestpractice.com[35]Darke K, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al; trial steering committee on behalf of participating investigators. Developmental and epilepsy outcomes at age 4 years in the UKISS trial comparing hormonal treatments to vigabatrin for infantile spasms: a multi-centre randomised trial. Arch Dis Child. 2010 May;95(5):382-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20457702?tool=bestpractice.com[38]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study comparing vigabatrin with prednisolone or tetracosactide at 14 days: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004 Nov 13-19;364(9447):1773-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15541450?tool=bestpractice.com
最初反应率:中等质量证据表明,排除有结节性硬化的患者,用激素疗法治疗的婴儿在 14 天时的最初反应率高于用氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿。 两组患者在 14 个月和 4 岁癫痫发病率接近;但对 14 个月和 4 岁的发育水平进行的标准化评估表明:在病因不明的婴儿痉挛患者中,最初接受激素治疗(ACTH 或泼尼松龙)的患者发育水平明显更高。[34]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS) comparing hormone treatment with vigabatrin on developmental and epilepsy outcomes to age 14 months: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2005 Nov;4(11):712-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239177?tool=bestpractice.com[35]Darke K, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al; trial steering committee on behalf of participating investigators. Developmental and epilepsy outcomes at age 4 years in the UKISS trial comparing hormonal treatments to vigabatrin for infantile spasms: a multi-centre randomised trial. Arch Dis Child. 2010 May;95(5):382-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20457702?tool=bestpractice.com[38]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study comparing vigabatrin with prednisolone or tetracosactide at 14 days: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004 Nov 13-19;364(9447):1773-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15541450?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
最初反应率:中等质量证据表明,排除有结节性硬化的患者,用激素疗法治疗的婴儿在 14 天时的最初反应率高于用氨己烯酸治疗的婴儿。 两组患者在 14 个月和 4 岁癫痫发病率接近;但对 14 个月和 4 岁的发育水平进行的标准化评估表明:在病因不明的婴儿痉挛患者中,最初接受激素治疗(ACTH 或泼尼松龙)的患者发育水平明显更高。[34]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS) comparing hormone treatment with vigabatrin on developmental and epilepsy outcomes to age 14 months: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2005 Nov;4(11):712-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239177?tool=bestpractice.com[35]Darke K, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al; trial steering committee on behalf of participating investigators. Developmental and epilepsy outcomes at age 4 years in the UKISS trial comparing hormonal treatments to vigabatrin for infantile spasms: a multi-centre randomised trial. Arch Dis Child. 2010 May;95(5):382-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20457702?tool=bestpractice.com[38]Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study comparing vigabatrin with prednisolone or tetracosactide at 14 days: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004 Nov 13-19;364(9447):1773-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15541450?tool=bestpractice.com
最初反应率:中等质量证据表明,有结节性硬化的儿童对氨己烯酸的最初反应率高于(95% vs 54%)没有结节性硬化的儿童。[39]Hancock E, Osborne JP. Vigabatrin in the treatment of infantile spasms in tuberous scerosis: literature review. J Child Neurol. 1999 Feb;14(2):71-4.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10073425?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
最初反应率:中等质量证据表明,有结节性硬化的儿童对氨己烯酸的最初反应率高于(95% vs 54%)没有结节性硬化的儿童。[39]Hancock E, Osborne JP. Vigabatrin in the treatment of infantile spasms in tuberous scerosis: literature review. J Child Neurol. 1999 Feb;14(2):71-4.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10073425?tool=bestpractice.com
最初反应率:中等质量证据显示,与用氨己烯酸治疗的患者相比,最初用 ACTH 治疗的患者有较高的初始反应率(治疗开始后 14 天内痉挛消失)(74% vs 55.5%)。[26]Hancock EC, Osborne JP, Edwards SW. Treatment of infantile spasms. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 5;(6):CD001770.https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001770.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23740534?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
最初反应率:中等质量证据显示,与用氨己烯酸治疗的患者相比,最初用 ACTH 治疗的患者有较高的初始反应率(治疗开始后 14 天内痉挛消失)(74% vs 55.5%)。[26]Hancock EC, Osborne JP, Edwards SW. Treatment of infantile spasms. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 5;(6):CD001770.https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001770.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23740534?tool=bestpractice.com
痉挛完全控制率:中等质量数据表明,在痉挛完全控制方面,接受高剂量 ACTH 治疗和接受低剂量 ACTH 治疗的婴儿之间没有显著区别。[14]Zeng LL, Luo R, Zhang L. Efficacy of high-dose ACTH versus low-dose ACTH in infantile spasms: a meta-analysis with direct and indirect comparison of randomized trials. J Pediatr Neurol. 2011;9(2):141-9.https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.3233/JPN-2011-0469
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
痉挛完全控制率:中等质量数据表明,在痉挛完全控制方面,接受高剂量 ACTH 治疗和接受低剂量 ACTH 治疗的婴儿之间没有显著区别。[14]Zeng LL, Luo R, Zhang L. Efficacy of high-dose ACTH versus low-dose ACTH in infantile spasms: a meta-analysis with direct and indirect comparison of randomized trials. J Pediatr Neurol. 2011;9(2):141-9.https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.3233/JPN-2011-0469
六岁认知测试分数和癫痫发病率:低质量证据表明,病因不明的婴儿痉挛的患儿,如果在痉挛发病后 1 个月以内接受 ACTH 治疗,则与治疗延迟的婴儿相比,其六岁认知测试分数更高,癫痫发病率更低。 另外,对于病因不明的婴儿痉挛患者,在痉挛发病后一个月内、发育退行出现前用高剂量 ACTH 治疗,可以获得更理想的长期认知预后。[37]Lombroso CT. A prospective study of infantile spasms: clinical and therapeutic correlations. Epilepsia. 1983 Apr;24(2):135-58.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6299719?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
六岁认知测试分数和癫痫发病率:低质量证据表明,病因不明的婴儿痉挛的患儿,如果在痉挛发病后 1 个月以内接受 ACTH 治疗,则与治疗延迟的婴儿相比,其六岁认知测试分数更高,癫痫发病率更低。 另外,对于病因不明的婴儿痉挛患者,在痉挛发病后一个月内、发育退行出现前用高剂量 ACTH 治疗,可以获得更理想的长期认知预后。[37]Lombroso CT. A prospective study of infantile spasms: clinical and therapeutic correlations. Epilepsia. 1983 Apr;24(2):135-58.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6299719?tool=bestpractice.com