存在特应性疾病,例如湿疹、特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎和食物过敏均与哮喘发生密切相关。[26]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Food allergy in under 19s: assessment and diagnosis. February 2011. http://www.nice.org.uk (last accessed 18 August 2016).http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG116 从湿疹/特应性皮炎发展到过敏性鼻炎发展到随后的哮喘的过程,被称为过敏进程。数据表明这种过敏进程在女孩中少见。[27]Lowe AJ, Carlin JB, Bennett CM, et al. Do boys do the atopic march while girls dawdle? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;121:1190-1195.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18313134?tool=bestpractice.com 特应性与哮喘严重程度增加相关。[7]Toelle BG, Xuan W, Peat JK, et al. Childhood factors that predict asthma in young adulthood. Eur Respir J. 2004;23:66-70.http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/23/1/66.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14738233?tool=bestpractice.com[28]Illi S, von Mutius E, Lau S, et al. Perennial allergen sensitisation early in life and chronic asthma in children: a birth cohort study. Lancet. 2006;368:763-770. [Erratum in: Lancet. 2006;368:1154.]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16935687?tool=bestpractice.com[29]Oswald H, Phelan PD, Lanigan A, et al. Childhood asthma and lung function in mid-adult life. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1997;23:14-20.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9035194?tool=bestpractice.com[30]Peat JK, Tovey E, Gray EJ, et al. Asthma severity and morbidity in a population sample of Sydney schoolchildren: part II importance of house dust mite allergens. Aust N Z J Med. 1994;24:270-276.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7980209?tool=bestpractice.com