美国胃肠病协会 (American Gastroenterological Association, AGA) 2008 年的指南以及美国胃肠病学会 (American College of Gastroenterology, ACG) 2013 年的指南都不推荐对糜烂性胃食管反流病及非糜烂性胃食管反流病的患者常规行内镜检查来评估病情进展。[1]Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 Mar;108(3):308-28.http://gi.org/guideline/diagnosis-and-managemen-of-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23419381?tool=bestpractice.com[3]Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, et al. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology. 2008;135:1383-91.http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2808%2901606-5/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18789939?tool=bestpractice.com 大部分指南都推荐对 Barrett 食管患者进行内镜监测。这主要基于队列研究和专家意见,但是临床随机对照试验还没有证实这种方法对患者有效。对没有异型增生的 Barrett 食管的患者,在一年内至少进行 2 次内镜检查均未发现有疾病进展的证据之后,监测的时间间隔可以延长至 3 年。监测内镜应该在反流症状被质子泵抑制剂治疗控制之后进行,这样既能够治疗食管炎又能够减少炎症反应对结果解释的可能干扰。[3]Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, et al. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology. 2008;135:1383-91.http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2808%2901606-5/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18789939?tool=bestpractice.com[81]Shaheen NJ, Falk GW, Iyer PG, et al. ACG Clinical Guideline: diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111:30-50.http://gi.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ACG-2015-Barretts-Esophagus-Guideline.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26526079?tool=bestpractice.com[82]Sharma P. Clinical practice. Barrett's esophagus. N Engl J Med. 2009 Dec 24;361(26):2548-56.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20032324?tool=bestpractice.com[83]Hirota WK, Zuckerman MJ, Adler DG, et al. ASGE guideline: the role of endoscopy in the surveillance of premalignant conditions of the upper GI tract. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006 Apr;63(4):570-80.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16564854?tool=bestpractice.com