CBT对有共病的躯体化障碍的疗效:有高强度证据证明CBT是治疗伴发抑郁或焦虑的躯体化障碍的有效方式。[91]Kroenke K. Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:881-888.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040099?tool=bestpractice.com[110]Allen LA, Woolfolk RL, Escobar JI, et al. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for somatization disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:1512-1518.http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/166/14/1512http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16864762?tool=bestpractice.com[108]Sumathipala A. What is the evidence for the efficacy of treatments for somatoform disorders? A critical review of previous intervention studies. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:889-900.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040100?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
CBT对有共病的躯体化障碍的疗效:有高强度证据证明CBT是治疗伴发抑郁或焦虑的躯体化障碍的有效方式。[91]Kroenke K. Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:881-888.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040099?tool=bestpractice.com[110]Allen LA, Woolfolk RL, Escobar JI, et al. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for somatization disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:1512-1518.http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/166/14/1512http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16864762?tool=bestpractice.com[108]Sumathipala A. What is the evidence for the efficacy of treatments for somatoform disorders? A critical review of previous intervention studies. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:889-900.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040100?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明新转诊到神经病学门诊的患者中11%有着医学上无法解释的症状。[12]Carson AJ, Ringbauer B, Stone J, et al. Do medically unexplained symptoms matter? A prospective cohort study of 300 new referrals to neurology outpatient clinics. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2000;68:207-210.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1736779/pdf/v068p00207.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10644789?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明新转诊到神经病学门诊的患者中11%有着医学上无法解释的症状。[12]Carson AJ, Ringbauer B, Stone J, et al. Do medically unexplained symptoms matter? A prospective cohort study of 300 new referrals to neurology outpatient clinics. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2000;68:207-210.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1736779/pdf/v068p00207.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10644789?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明转诊到收治顽固性癫痫的三级癫痫中心的患者当中心因性非痫性发作的患病率估计至少有20%。[14]Benbadis SR, Allen Hauser W. An estimate of the prevalence of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Seizure. 2000;9:280-281.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10880289?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明转诊到收治顽固性癫痫的三级癫痫中心的患者当中心因性非痫性发作的患病率估计至少有20%。[14]Benbadis SR, Allen Hauser W. An estimate of the prevalence of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Seizure. 2000;9:280-281.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10880289?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明在一般人群当中心因性非痫性发作的患病率据估计每100 000人里有2至33人。[14]Benbadis SR, Allen Hauser W. An estimate of the prevalence of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Seizure. 2000;9:280-281.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10880289?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明在一般人群当中心因性非痫性发作的患病率据估计每100 000人里有2至33人。[14]Benbadis SR, Allen Hauser W. An estimate of the prevalence of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Seizure. 2000;9:280-281.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10880289?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明癫痫患者中出现心因性非痫性发作的发病率估计为10%~18%。[15]Krumholz A, Ting T. Coexisting epilepsy and nonepileptic seizures. In: Kaplan PW, Fisher RS, eds. Imitators of epilepsy. New York, NY: Demos Medical Publishing; 2005:261-276.
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明癫痫患者中出现心因性非痫性发作的发病率估计为10%~18%。[15]Krumholz A, Ting T. Coexisting epilepsy and nonepileptic seizures. In: Kaplan PW, Fisher RS, eds. Imitators of epilepsy. New York, NY: Demos Medical Publishing; 2005:261-276.
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明在中位时间为5年的随访中,1466例有着医学上无法解释的运动感觉症状患者中4%发展为可能能解释他们症状的神经系统疾病。[17]Stone J, Smyth R, Carson A, et al. Systematic review of misdiagnosis of conversion symptoms and "hysteria". BMJ. 2005;331:989.http://www.bmj.com/content/331/7523/989.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16223792?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有中等强度证据证明在中位时间为5年的随访中,1466例有着医学上无法解释的运动感觉症状患者中4%发展为可能能解释他们症状的神经系统疾病。[17]Stone J, Smyth R, Carson A, et al. Systematic review of misdiagnosis of conversion symptoms and "hysteria". BMJ. 2005;331:989.http://www.bmj.com/content/331/7523/989.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16223792?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍的病理生理学:有中等强度证据证明转换障碍应重归到DSM-5中的分离障碍中去。[22]Brown RJ, Cardena E, Nijenhuis E, et al. Should conversion disorder be reclassified as a dissociative disorder in DSM V? Psychosomatics. 2007;48:369-378.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17878494?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍的病理生理学:有中等强度证据证明转换障碍应重归到DSM-5中的分离障碍中去。[22]Brown RJ, Cardena E, Nijenhuis E, et al. Should conversion disorder be reclassified as a dissociative disorder in DSM V? Psychosomatics. 2007;48:369-378.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17878494?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍的病理生理学:有中等强度证据证明分离障碍存在不同形式的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能失调。[31]Simeon D, Knutelska M, Yehuda R, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in dissociative disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and healthy volunteers. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;61:966-973.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2567868/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17137559?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍的病理生理学:有中等强度证据证明分离障碍存在不同形式的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能失调。[31]Simeon D, Knutelska M, Yehuda R, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in dissociative disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and healthy volunteers. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;61:966-973.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2567868/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17137559?tool=bestpractice.com
躯体化和转换障碍中的危险因素:有中等强度证据证明儿童期虐待(包括目睹母亲挨打和暴露在言语攻击中)对成年期心理健康稳定性的发育有害。[42]Edwards VJ, Holden GW, Felitti VJ, et al. Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: results from the adverse childhood experiences study. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160:1453-1460.http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.8.1453http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12900308?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
躯体化和转换障碍中的危险因素:有中等强度证据证明儿童期虐待(包括目睹母亲挨打和暴露在言语攻击中)对成年期心理健康稳定性的发育有害。[42]Edwards VJ, Holden GW, Felitti VJ, et al. Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: results from the adverse childhood experiences study. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160:1453-1460.http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.8.1453http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12900308?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍的危险因素:有中等强度证据证明一般的述情障碍(alexithymia)和躯体症状的报告有关。[44]De Gucht V, Heiser W. Alexithymia and somatisation: quantitative review of the literature. J Psychosom Res. 2003;54:425-434.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12726898?tool=bestpractice.com[45]Mattila AK, Kronholm E, Jula A, et al. Alexithymia and somatization in general population. Psychosom Med. 2008;70:716-722.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18596251?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍的危险因素:有中等强度证据证明一般的述情障碍(alexithymia)和躯体症状的报告有关。[44]De Gucht V, Heiser W. Alexithymia and somatisation: quantitative review of the literature. J Psychosom Res. 2003;54:425-434.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12726898?tool=bestpractice.com[45]Mattila AK, Kronholm E, Jula A, et al. Alexithymia and somatization in general population. Psychosom Med. 2008;70:716-722.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18596251?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍的危险因素:有中等强度证据证明躯体化和神经质有关。[46]De Gucht V. Stability of neuroticism and alexithymia in somatization. Compr Psychiatry. 2003;44:466-471.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14610725?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍的危险因素:有中等强度证据证明躯体化和神经质有关。[46]De Gucht V. Stability of neuroticism and alexithymia in somatization. Compr Psychiatry. 2003;44:466-471.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14610725?tool=bestpractice.com
神经心理学评估:有中等强度证据证明严重压力和创伤后应激障碍与心理的以及器质性的病因有关。[57]Binder LM, Campbell KA. Medically unexplained symptoms and neuropsychological assessment. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2004;26:369-392.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15512927?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
神经心理学评估:有中等强度证据证明严重压力和创伤后应激障碍与心理的以及器质性的病因有关。[57]Binder LM, Campbell KA. Medically unexplained symptoms and neuropsychological assessment. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2004;26:369-392.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15512927?tool=bestpractice.com
神经心理学评估:有中等强度证据证明其精神病理学与除了执行功能以外的所有认知领域都有关,认知的异常可能是由生物学因素和心理学因素复杂的相互作用导致的。[57]Binder LM, Campbell KA. Medically unexplained symptoms and neuropsychological assessment. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2004;26:369-392.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15512927?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Drane DL, Williamson DJ, Stroup ES, et al. Cognitive impairment is not equal in patients with epileptic and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia. 2006;47:1879-1886.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00611.x/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17116028?tool=bestpractice.com[59]Locke DE, Berry DT, Fakhoury TA, et al. Relationship of indicators of neuropathology, psychopathology, and effort to neuropsychological results in patients with epilepsy or psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2006;28:325-340.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16618623?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
神经心理学评估:有中等强度证据证明其精神病理学与除了执行功能以外的所有认知领域都有关,认知的异常可能是由生物学因素和心理学因素复杂的相互作用导致的。[57]Binder LM, Campbell KA. Medically unexplained symptoms and neuropsychological assessment. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2004;26:369-392.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15512927?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Drane DL, Williamson DJ, Stroup ES, et al. Cognitive impairment is not equal in patients with epileptic and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia. 2006;47:1879-1886.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00611.x/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17116028?tool=bestpractice.com[59]Locke DE, Berry DT, Fakhoury TA, et al. Relationship of indicators of neuropathology, psychopathology, and effort to neuropsychological results in patients with epilepsy or psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2006;28:325-340.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16618623?tool=bestpractice.com
CBT疗效:有中等强度证据证明CBT是治疗转换障碍的有效方式。[70]LaFrance WC Jr, Miller IW, Ryan CE, et al. Behavioral therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2009;14:591-596.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19233313?tool=bestpractice.com[91]Kroenke K. Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:881-888.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040099?tool=bestpractice.com[92]LaFrance WC Jr, Barry JJ. Update on treatments of psychological nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2005;7:364-374.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150653?tool=bestpractice.com[72]LaFrance WC Jr, Baird GL, Barry JJ, et al; NES Treatment Trial (NEST-T) Consortium. Multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71:997-1005.http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1884286http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24989152?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
CBT疗效:有中等强度证据证明CBT是治疗转换障碍的有效方式。[70]LaFrance WC Jr, Miller IW, Ryan CE, et al. Behavioral therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2009;14:591-596.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19233313?tool=bestpractice.com[91]Kroenke K. Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:881-888.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040099?tool=bestpractice.com[92]LaFrance WC Jr, Barry JJ. Update on treatments of psychological nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2005;7:364-374.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150653?tool=bestpractice.com[72]LaFrance WC Jr, Baird GL, Barry JJ, et al; NES Treatment Trial (NEST-T) Consortium. Multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71:997-1005.http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1884286http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24989152?tool=bestpractice.com
使用心理咨询干预(PCI)和协助社区医生的咨询报告对症状的改善:有中等强度的证据证明PCI能提升患者功能和缓解症状。[105]Smith GR Jr, Monson RA, Ray DC. Psychiatric consultation in somatization disorder: a randomized controlled study. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1407-1413.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3084975?tool=bestpractice.com[106]Hoedeman R, Blankenstein AH, van der Feltz-Cornelis CM, et al. Consultation letters for medically unexplained physical symptoms in primary care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(12):CD006524.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21154369?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
使用心理咨询干预(PCI)和协助社区医生的咨询报告对症状的改善:有中等强度的证据证明PCI能提升患者功能和缓解症状。[105]Smith GR Jr, Monson RA, Ray DC. Psychiatric consultation in somatization disorder: a randomized controlled study. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1407-1413.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3084975?tool=bestpractice.com[106]Hoedeman R, Blankenstein AH, van der Feltz-Cornelis CM, et al. Consultation letters for medically unexplained physical symptoms in primary care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(12):CD006524.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21154369?tool=bestpractice.com
辅助的分等级的身体锻炼的疗效:有中等强度证据证明患者积极投入的非药物治疗(例如锻炼)比那些被动接受的物理方法(例如注射、手术)更有效。[107]Henningsen P, Zipfel S, Herzog W. Management of functional somatic syndromes. Lancet. 2007;369:946-955.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17368156?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
辅助的分等级的身体锻炼的疗效:有中等强度证据证明患者积极投入的非药物治疗(例如锻炼)比那些被动接受的物理方法(例如注射、手术)更有效。[107]Henningsen P, Zipfel S, Herzog W. Management of functional somatic syndromes. Lancet. 2007;369:946-955.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17368156?tool=bestpractice.com
抗抑郁药治疗的疗效:有中等强度的证据证明抗抑郁药对那些有医学上难以解释的症状的患者是有疗效的。[108]Sumathipala A. What is the evidence for the efficacy of treatments for somatoform disorders? A critical review of previous intervention studies. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:889-900.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040100?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
抗抑郁药治疗的疗效:有中等强度的证据证明抗抑郁药对那些有医学上难以解释的症状的患者是有疗效的。[108]Sumathipala A. What is the evidence for the efficacy of treatments for somatoform disorders? A critical review of previous intervention studies. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:889-900.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040100?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有低强度证据证明运动障碍患者中2%~3%有着心因性运动障碍。[13]Factor SA, Podskalny GD, Molho ES. Psychogenic movement disorders: frequency, clinical profile, and characteristics. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995;59:406-412.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC486078/pdf/jnnpsyc00022-0062.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7561921?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍中的神经病学症状:有低强度证据证明运动障碍患者中2%~3%有着心因性运动障碍。[13]Factor SA, Podskalny GD, Molho ES. Psychogenic movement disorders: frequency, clinical profile, and characteristics. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995;59:406-412.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC486078/pdf/jnnpsyc00022-0062.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7561921?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍的病理生理学:有低强度证据证明癔症(转换障碍)存在生物学机制。[25]Black DN, Seritan AL, Taber KH, et al. Conversion hysteria: lessons from functional imaging. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;16:245-251.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15377731?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍的病理生理学:有低强度证据证明癔症(转换障碍)存在生物学机制。[25]Black DN, Seritan AL, Taber KH, et al. Conversion hysteria: lessons from functional imaging. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;16:245-251.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15377731?tool=bestpractice.com
躯体化障碍的病理生理学:有低强度证据证明从免疫系统到大脑的交流通路的存在,解释了躯体症状及相关障碍(旧称躯体形式障碍)的炎症相关症状。[35]Dimsdale JE, Dantzer R. A biological substrate for somatoform disorders: importance of pathophysiology. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:850-854.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040093?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
躯体化障碍的病理生理学:有低强度证据证明从免疫系统到大脑的交流通路的存在,解释了躯体症状及相关障碍(旧称躯体形式障碍)的炎症相关症状。[35]Dimsdale JE, Dantzer R. A biological substrate for somatoform disorders: importance of pathophysiology. Psychosom Med. 2007;69:850-854.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040093?tool=bestpractice.com
躯体化障碍和转换障碍的危险因素:有低强度证据证明暴露于父母的言语侮辱中可能与某些神经环路整合的改变有关,这些神经环路推测与语言发育和心理病理有关。[43]Choi J, Jeong B, Rohan ML, et al. Preliminary evidence for white matter tract abnormalities in young adults exposed to parental verbal abuse. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;65:227-234.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692174?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
躯体化障碍和转换障碍的危险因素:有低强度证据证明暴露于父母的言语侮辱中可能与某些神经环路整合的改变有关,这些神经环路推测与语言发育和心理病理有关。[43]Choi J, Jeong B, Rohan ML, et al. Preliminary evidence for white matter tract abnormalities in young adults exposed to parental verbal abuse. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;65:227-234.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692174?tool=bestpractice.com
转换障碍的危险因素:有低强度证据证明儿童期创伤与转换障碍有关,而且在转换障碍患者中由母亲(而不是父亲)导致的父母功能不全与分离体验量表和躯体分离问卷的高得分有关。[39]Roelofs K, Keijsers GP, Hooqduin KA, et al. Childhood abuse in patients with conversion disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:1908-1913.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12411227?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
转换障碍的危险因素:有低强度证据证明儿童期创伤与转换障碍有关,而且在转换障碍患者中由母亲(而不是父亲)导致的父母功能不全与分离体验量表和躯体分离问卷的高得分有关。[39]Roelofs K, Keijsers GP, Hooqduin KA, et al. Childhood abuse in patients with conversion disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:1908-1913.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12411227?tool=bestpractice.com
治疗医学不能解释的转换障碍症状:有低质量的证据显示,相比安慰剂,药物疗法在治疗医学不能解释的症状时更具疗效,但没有一类抗抑郁药物或天然补品比另一类更具优势。[93]Kleinstäuber M, Witthöft M, Steffanowski A, et al. Pharmacological interventions for somatoform disorders in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(11):CD010628.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD010628.pub2/abstracthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25379990?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
治疗医学不能解释的转换障碍症状:有低质量的证据显示,相比安慰剂,药物疗法在治疗医学不能解释的症状时更具疗效,但没有一类抗抑郁药物或天然补品比另一类更具优势。[93]Kleinstäuber M, Witthöft M, Steffanowski A, et al. Pharmacological interventions for somatoform disorders in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(11):CD010628.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD010628.pub2/abstracthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25379990?tool=bestpractice.com
心理治疗的疗效:有低强度的证据证明给功能性神经症状障碍(转换障碍)患者提供个性化的心理治疗与其症状、情绪健康、生活质量的改善有关。[94]Reuber M, Burness C, Howlett S, et al. Tailored psychotherapy for patients with functional neurological symptoms: a pilot study. J Psychosom Res. 2007;63:625-632.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18061753?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。
心理治疗的疗效:有低强度的证据证明给功能性神经症状障碍(转换障碍)患者提供个性化的心理治疗与其症状、情绪健康、生活质量的改善有关。[94]Reuber M, Burness C, Howlett S, et al. Tailored psychotherapy for patients with functional neurological symptoms: a pilot study. J Psychosom Res. 2007;63:625-632.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18061753?tool=bestpractice.com