在欧洲,短肠综合征 (SBS) 患病率估计为每百万人约 2 例。[3]Buchman AL, Scolapio J, Fryer J. AGA technical review on short bowel syndrome and intestinal transplantation. Gastroenterology. 2003;124:1111-1134.http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/PIIS001650850370064X/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12671904?tool=bestpractice.com[4]Mughal M, Irving M. Home parenteral nutrition in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Lancet. 1986;2:383-387.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2874379?tool=bestpractice.com[5]Bakker H, Bozetti F, Staun M, et al. Home parenteral nutrition in adults: a European multicentre survey in 1997. Clin Nutr. 1999;18:135-140.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10451476?tool=bestpractice.com欧洲的胃肠外营养数据显示,使用者数量从 1986 年的每百万 3 人小幅增加至 1997 年的每百万 4 人,大多数使用者患有 SBS。[3]Buchman AL, Scolapio J, Fryer J. AGA technical review on short bowel syndrome and intestinal transplantation. Gastroenterology. 2003;124:1111-1134.http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/PIIS001650850370064X/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12671904?tool=bestpractice.com[4]Mughal M, Irving M. Home parenteral nutrition in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Lancet. 1986;2:383-387.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2874379?tool=bestpractice.com[5]Bakker H, Bozetti F, Staun M, et al. Home parenteral nutrition in adults: a European multicentre survey in 1997. Clin Nutr. 1999;18:135-140.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10451476?tool=bestpractice.com在一项超过 12,000 名婴儿的研究中,手术引起的 SBS 的发病率为 0.7%。[6]Cole CR, Hansen NI, Higgins RD, et al; Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Very low birth weight preterm infants with surgical short bowel syndrome: incidence, morbidity and mortality, and growth outcomes at 18 to 22 months. Pediatrics. 2008;122:e573-e582.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2848527/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18762491?tool=bestpractice.com意大利的另一项研究发现,在超过 30,000 名的活产婴儿中,发病率为 0.1%,而在体重极轻的早产婴儿中,为 0.5%。[7]Salvia G, Guarino A, Terrin G, et al; Working Group on Neonatal Gastroenterology of the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Neonatal onset intestinal failure: an Italian multicenter study. J Pediatr. 2008;153:674-676.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18589446?tool=bestpractice.com
在美国,由于没有国家登记数据,SBS 的整体患病率和发病率难以准确评估,但可使用胃肠外营养 (PN) 登记数据进行估计。在二十世纪九十年代初,美国的 Oley 基金会国内 PN 登记机构估计每年约 40,000 名患者需要接受 PN,其中有 30% 因 SBS 或相关疾病(如放射性肠炎)需要接受 PN。[8]Oley Foundation. North American home parenteral and enteral nutrition patient registry: annual report with outcome profiles 1985-1992. 1994. http://www.oley.org/ (last accessed 24 March 2016).http://www.oley.org/documents/AnnualReportFinal.pdf但是,这些数字低估了患病率,因为并非所有 SBS 患者需要接受 PN,而且 50% 至 70% 最初需要接受 PN 的患者最终摆脱了 PN。