心房颤动在总人群中的患病率为0.5%~1.0%,发病率为每年每1000人0.54例。[3]January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 2;64(21):e1-76.http://content.onlinejacc.org/article.aspx?articleid=1854231http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24685669?tool=bestpractice.com[6]Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ, et al. Population prevalence, incidence, and predictors of atrial fibrillation in the Renfrew/Paisley study. Heart. 2001;86:516-521.http://heart.bmj.com/content/86/5/516.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11602543?tool=bestpractice.com[7]Murdoch DL, O'Neill K, Jackson J, et al. Are atrial fibrillation guidelines altering management? A community based study. Scott Med J. 2005;50:166-169.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16374981?tool=bestpractice.com 心房颤动的出现与年龄高度相关。年龄越大,发病率越高:40~50岁为0.5%,80岁为5%~15%。男性多于女性。[8]Kannel WB, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ, et al. Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:2N-9N.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9809895?tool=bestpractice.com 鹿特丹研究发现,男性和女性在55岁时患有心房颤动的终生风险分别为24%和22%。[9]Heeringa J, van der Kuip DA, Hofman A, et al. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:949-953.http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/8/949.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16527828?tool=bestpractice.com 男性发生心房颤动的风险更高,是女性的1.5倍。[10]Singh SN, Tang XC, Singh BN, et al. Quality of life and exercise performance in patients in sinus rhythm versus persistent atrial fibrillation: a Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program Substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:721-730.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16904540?tool=bestpractice.com 在弗雷明翰和鹿特丹研究中,调整年龄和其他危险因素后,男性心房颤动的发生率高于女性,但其他研究发现男女发生率相似。[9]Heeringa J, van der Kuip DA, Hofman A, et al. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:949-953.http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/8/949.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16527828?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, et al. Lifetime risk for the development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study Circulation. 2004;110:1042-1046.http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/110/9/1042.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15313941?tool=bestpractice.com[12]Feinberg WM, Blackshear JL, Laupacis A, et al. Prevalence, age distribution and gender of patients with atrial fibrillation: Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:469-473.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7864703?tool=bestpractice.com 老年人心房颤动筛查项目(SAFE项目)指出,65岁以上受试者的心房颤动基线发病率为7.2%,其中,男性更高,为7.8%;年龄更高的人群中,每增长一岁,发病率升高0.69%~1.64%(取决于筛选方法)。[13]Hobbs FD, Fitzmaurice DA, Jowett S, et al. A randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness study of systematic screening (targeted and total population screening) versus routine practice for the detection of atrial fibrillation in people aged 65 and over. The SAFE study. Health Technol Assess. 2005;9:1-74.http://www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/64929/FullReport-hta9400.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16202350?tool=bestpractice.com 发病率数据可参考横断面研究数据,即大多数患者心房颤动持续时间>7天(持续性、阵发性或永久性心房颤动),而不是表现为急性心房颤动。 在英国,心房颤动的患病率为0.5%~1.0%,发病率为每年每1000人0.54例。[6]Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ, et al. Population prevalence, incidence, and predictors of atrial fibrillation in the Renfrew/Paisley study. Heart. 2001;86:516-521.http://heart.bmj.com/content/86/5/516.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11602543?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Murdoch DL, O'Neill K, Jackson J, et al. Are atrial fibrillation guidelines altering management? A community based study. Scott Med J. 2005;50:166-169.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16374981?tool=bestpractice.com非白种人心房颤动患病率和发病率研究较少。