BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间: 十月 2018
最近更新时间: 一月 2018

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 母源性后代脊柱裂危险因素
  • 产前检查三联或四联筛查升高病史
  • 产前超声检查异常病史
  • 开放性脊柱裂病变:脊髓脊膜膨出、脊髓裂、脊膜膨出

其他诊断因素

  • 肛门收缩或直肠张力缺失
  • 眼球下视分离(落日征)
  • 眼球上斜视及外斜视
  • 异常哭闹

危险因素

  • 母体叶酸摄入不足
  • 既往脊柱裂或其他神经管缺陷妊娠,或个人既往曾罹患脊柱裂及其他神经管缺陷
  • 脊柱裂FHx或其他神经管缺陷
  • 西班牙裔或种族

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 产前三联/四联检查
  • 产前超声检查
  • 胚胎磁共振成像
  • 头颅超声
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 出生前羊膜穿刺或出生后染色体检查
  • 荧光原位杂交(FISH)检查
  • 脑及脊髓磁共振成像检查
  • 髋部超声检查
全部具体信息

治疗流程

推断
急性
疾病持续状态

贡献者

Professional Advisory Council, Spina Bifida Association of America

Upstate Foundation Professor of Child Health Policy

Medical Director, Spina Bifida Center of Central New York

SUNY Upstate Medical University

Syracuse

NY

利益冲突披露
NPD is an author of several references cited in this monograph.

Associate Professor of Orthopedics

Director of Orthopedic Surgery

Golisano Children's Hospital

SUNY Upstate Medical University

Syracuse

NY

利益冲突披露
DAK owns stock in a number of companies in health-related fields. She has received travel expenses for committee work for the American College of Surgeons and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

Assistant Professor of Urology

Department of Urologic Surgery

Golisano Children's Hospital

SUNY Upstate Medical University

Syracuse

NY

利益冲突披露
JVR declares that he has no competing interests.

Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery

Director of Pediatric Neurosurgery

Department of Neurosurgery

Golisano Children's Hospital

SUNY Upstate Medical University

Syracuse

NY

利益冲突披露
ZTS is a consultant for the NeuroBlate Monteris system.

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Chief of Division of Neurosurgery

Director of Neurosurgery Fellowship Program

The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia

PA

利益冲突披露
LNS is an author of several references cited in this monograph.

Consultant Pediatric Neurosurgeon

Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children

London

UK

利益冲突披露
DT declares that he has no competing interests.

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