血色病患者亲属的筛查尚存争议,但欧洲肝脏病研究联合会支持这一做法。[4]European Association For The Study Of The Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines for HFE hemochromatosis. J Hepatol. 2010;53:3-22.http://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168-8278(10)00197-2/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20471131?tool=bestpractice.com大部分临床医生建议筛查患者成年亲属的空腹转铁蛋白饱和度和铁蛋白水平,以及患者的兄弟姐妹和子女。兄弟姐妹中行HFE基因突变筛查较其他铁相关检查有更高的性价比。先证者及其配偶行HFE基因突变检测对筛查2个及以上子女来说是经济有效的。[69]El-Serag HB, Inadomi JM, Kowdley KV. Screening for hereditary hemochromatosis in siblings and children of affected patients: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:261-269.http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1309479http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10681280?tool=bestpractice.com如果配偶不是携带者,则其子女不可能是突变基因纯合子也就无需另行检查。[70]Adams PC. Implications of genotyping of spouses to limit investigation of children in genetic hemochromatosis. Clin Genet. 1998;58:176-178.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9630070?tool=bestpractice.com
患者可以摄入自然的铁和维生素C,但应避免额外摄入含铁和维生素C营养品。