BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间: 七月 2019
最近更新时间: 五月 2019

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 存在感染疟疾的风险因素
  • 重症疟疾危险因素包括
  • 发热或发热病史

其他诊断因素

  • 头痛
  • 虚弱
  • 肌痛
  • 关节痛

危险因素

  • 前往疫区旅行
  • 药物预防不足或未采用。
  • 流行地区不使用杀虫剂处理的蚊帐
  • 到流行地区旅行,返回的本地定居移民

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 吉姆萨染色厚薄血涂片
  • 快速检测试验(RDTs)
  • 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
  • 凝血功能检查
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 疟疾血液聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 检测
  • 胸部 X 线检查
  • 血液培养
  • 尿液培养
全部具体信息

新兴检查

  • 环介导等温扩增
全部具体信息

治疗流程

贡献者

Consultant in Tropical and Travel Medicine

Hospitals for Tropical Diseases

Senior Lecturer

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

London

UK

利益冲突披露
RB is on the advisory board of Sigma Tau and on the Public Health England advisory committee for malaria prevention. His employer has received research payments from Sigma Tau. RB is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Dr Ron Behrens would like to gratefully acknowledge Mariyam Mirfenderesky, Dr Signe Maj Sorensen, Dr Joanna Allen, Dr Simon Warren, and Dr Behzad Nadjm, previous contributors to this topic.

利益冲突披露
MM, SMS, JA, and SW declare that they have no competing interests. BN is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

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Professor

Head of the Travel Clinic

Consultant of Tropical and Travel Medicine

University Hospital

Project leader

Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute

Basel

Switzerland

利益冲突披露
BG has received a research grant from Novartis Pharma to assess the impact of the introduction of artemether-lumefantrine (Novartis) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria on mortality of children under 5 years old in 2 districts in Tanzania and travel grants from Novartis Pharma to present the results of the study above. BG is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Associate Professor

Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Baltimore

MD

利益冲突披露
DS has received royalties from antigen provision for a diagnostic test to Inverness. DS with Johns Hopkins University has patents on diagnostic tests that do not require blood.

Professor

Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine

Medical University of Vienna

Vienna

Austria

利益冲突披露
WHW declares that he has no competing interests.

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