子宫内膜癌是发达国家最常见的妇科肿瘤,每年约新增 320,000 个病例。这是第六大最常见的女性癌症。[24]World Cancer Research Fund International. Endometrial cancer (cancer of the lining of the womb) statistics. 2015. http://www.wcrf.org (last accessed 2 September 2016).http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/data-specific-cancers/endometrial-cancer-cancer-lining-womb-statistics因西方国家女性的肥胖发病率提高,子宫内膜癌在西方国家的发病率较发展中国家高10倍。[25]American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2016. 2016. http://www.cancer.org/ (last accessed 2 September 2016).http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/document/acspc-047079.pdf2016 年,子宫内膜癌是美国女性第四大最常见的癌症。[25]American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2016. 2016. http://www.cancer.org/ (last accessed 2 September 2016).http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/document/acspc-047079.pdf总体按年龄校正的发病率是 25.4 例/100,000 人(妇女),其中白人女性的发病率为 26 例/100,000 人(妇女),黑人女性的发病率为 24.6 例/100,000 人(妇女)。[26]National Cancer Institute. Surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER). http://www.seer.cancer.gov (last accessed 2 September 2016).http://www.seer.cancer.gov据估计,2016 年美国子宫体癌症确诊约达 60,050 例,约 10,470 例死于这种恶性肿瘤。[25]American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2016. 2016. http://www.cancer.org/ (last accessed 2 September 2016).http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/document/acspc-047079.pdf欧盟国家子宫内膜癌发病率约为每年16/100 000,该病的死亡率约为每年4-5/100 000。[27]Baekelandt MM, Castiglione M; ESMO Guidelines Working Group. Endometrial carcinoma: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2009;20(suppl 4):iv29-iv31.http://annonc.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/20/suppl_4/iv29http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19454455?tool=bestpractice.com子宫内膜癌的发病率与其他所有女性生殖道恶性肿瘤的总发病率相当,且在不断上升中。[26]National Cancer Institute. Surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER). http://www.seer.cancer.gov (last accessed 2 September 2016).http://www.seer.cancer.gov