BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间: 十月 2018
最近更新时间: 一月 2018

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 存在危险因素
  • 无症状的
  • 疼痛(周围神经)
  • 感知缺失(周围神经)

其他诊断因素

  • 便秘(自主神经)
  • 大便失禁(自主神经)
  • 无汗症、畏热、皮肤干燥或多汗症(自主神经)
  • 无症状性低血糖(自主神经)

危险因素

  • 高血糖控制不佳
  • 较长的糖尿病病程
  • 高龄(70 岁以上)
  • 身材较高

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 角膜共聚焦显微镜
  • 临床诊断
  • 空腹血糖
  • 糖化血红蛋白
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 口服葡萄糖耐量试验
  • 神经传导研究(神经传导速度,NCV)
  • 肌电图 (EMG)
  • 感觉量化测量(quantitative sensory testing,QST)
全部具体信息

治疗流程

贡献者

Professor of Medicine

Organizational Official for the Human Research Protection Program

Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar

Doha

Qatar

利益冲突披露
RAM is on speaker panels for Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Pfizer; he is on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk and Pfizer. RAM is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph.

Speciality Registrar in Diabetes & Endocrinology and General Internal Medicine

University of Manchester

Manchester

UK

利益冲突披露
UA serves on advisory boards for Eli Lilly.

SpR Diabetes and Endocrinology

Diabetes and Endocrinology

University of Manchester

Manchester

UK

利益冲突披露
SA declares that she has no competing interests.

Dr Rayaz Malik, Dr Uazman Alam, and Dr Shazli Azmi would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Rodica Pop-Busui and Dr Eva Feldman, the previous contributors to this monograph. RPB declares that she has received speaking honoraria from Pfizer and research support from Amylin Pharmaceuticals; National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; American Diabetes Association; and Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. RPB is an author of several references cited in this monograph. EF is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph.

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Clinical Professor

Department of Medicine

Mount Sinai School of Medicine

New York

NY

利益冲突披露
ZTB declares that he has no competing interests.

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Harvard Medical School

Division of Endocrinology

Diabetes and Hypertension

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Boston

MA

利益冲突披露
RKG has received consultant fees from Aventis and Novartis, and speaker fees from Novartis.

Consultant and Honorary Senior Lecturer

Tameside General Hospital

Diabetes Centre

Ashton Under Lyne

Lancashire

UK

利益冲突披露
EJ has received funding for conferences and lectures from Pfizer and Boehringer Ingelheim.

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