BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间: 十月 2018
最近更新时间: 一月 2018

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 存在危险因素
  • 呼吸困难
  • 端坐呼吸和夜间阵发性呼吸困难
  • 颈静脉怒张

其他诊断因素

  • 心动过速(心率>120bpm)
  • 胸部不适
  • 肝肿大
  • 踝部水肿

危险因素

  • 心肌梗死
  • 糖尿病
  • 血脂异常
  • 老年人

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 经胸超声心动图
  • 心电图
  • 胸部X线检查
  • B型利钠肽(BNP)/N-末端脑钠肽(NT-pro-BNP)水平
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 标准运动负荷试验(踏车或平板)
  • 包括最大摄氧量的心肺运动试验(CPX)
  • 6分钟步行试验
  • 右心导管术
全部具体信息

新兴检查

  • 空腹转铁蛋白饱和度
  • 生物标志物
  • 多层螺旋计算机断层扫描(MSCT)
全部具体信息

治疗流程

贡献者

Syed Wamique Yusuf MRCPI, FACC

Associate Professor of Medicine

Department of Cardiology

University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Houston

TX

利益冲突披露
SWY declares that he is co-director of the American College of Cardiology (ACC) annual board review course and in this capacity delivers educational lectures for the board review course.

Dr Syed Wamique Yusuf would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Andrew R.J. Mitchell, Dr Grigorios Giamouzis, Dr Sonjoy Raja Laskar, and Dr Javed Butler, the previous contributors to this monograph. ARJM, GG, SRL, and JB declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议专家 查看所有

Professor of Medicine

VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System

UCLA School of Medicine

Los Angeles

CA

利益冲突披露
DL declares that he has no competing interests.

Director

Cardiovascular Training Program

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland

OH

利益冲突披露
BG declares that he has no competing interests.

Consultant Cardiologist and Heart Failure Lead

Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (Northern General Hospital)

Sheffield

UK

利益冲突披露
AAM has accepted hospitality by NOVARTIS in 2008 to attend the ACC meeting in Chicago, and had received honoraria for delivering educational talks before 2008. AAM is the co-author of the NICE chronic heart failure partial update of the guideline in 2010, and of several related articles.

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