妊娠糖尿病

妊娠糖尿病需要产后随访评估血糖，[2]American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2018. Diabetes Care. 2018 Jan 1;41 Suppl 1:S1-159.http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/Supplement_1[34]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Committee on Practice Bulletins - Obstetrics. ACOG practice bulletin No. 180: gestational diabetes mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jul;130(1):e17-37. 但具有妊娠期糖尿病病史的女性产后筛查糖尿病的比例很低。[98]Tovar A, Chasan-Taber L, Eggleston E, et al. Postpartum screening for diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Prev Chronic Dis. 2011 Nov;8(6):A124.https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0031.htm 产妇应在产后 4 至 12 周之间，使用非妊娠口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT) 标准，接受 OGTT 筛查，[2]American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2018. Diabetes Care. 2018 Jan 1;41 Suppl 1:S1-159.http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/Supplement_1 首选 OGTT，因为这是一种比空腹血糖或糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 更敏感的检测。不能诊断为糖尿病的糖耐量受损患者，应当每年接受筛查。[2]American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2018. Diabetes Care. 2018 Jan 1;41 Suppl 1:S1-159.http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/Supplement_1[34]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Committee on Practice Bulletins - Obstetrics. ACOG practice bulletin No. 180: gestational diabetes mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jul;130(1):e17-37. 产后口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT) 结果正常的女性，应当至少每 3 年复查一次。[2]American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2018. Diabetes Care. 2018 Jan 1;41 Suppl 1:S1-159.http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/Supplement_1[34]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Committee on Practice Bulletins - Obstetrics. ACOG practice bulletin No. 180: gestational diabetes mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jul;130(1):e17-37. 应密切监测妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 女性的后代是否发生糖尿病以及是否存在糖尿病危险因素（肥胖、缺乏锻炼的生活方式）。