妊娠期妇女,细菌性阴道病和滴虫性阴道炎已明确与早产有关。[50]Svare JA, Schmidt H, Hansen BB, et al. Bacterial vaginosis in a cohort of Danish pregnant women: prevalence and relationship with preterm delivery, low birthweight and perinatal infections. BJOG. 2006;113:1419-1425.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17010117?tool=bestpractice.com[51]McGregor JA, French JI, Parker R, et al. Prevention of premature birth by screening and treatment for common genital tract infections: results of a prospective controlled evaluation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;173:157-167.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7631673?tool=bestpractice.com妊娠女性并发症:有质量较差证据表明,抗菌药物可以降低既往有过早产病史的孕妇分娩低出生体重婴儿风险,但并不知道在降低早产风险方面是否更加有效。[50]Svare JA, Schmidt H, Hansen BB, et al. Bacterial vaginosis in a cohort of Danish pregnant women: prevalence and relationship with preterm delivery, low birthweight and perinatal infections. BJOG. 2006;113:1419-1425.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17010117?tool=bestpractice.com[51]McGregor JA, French JI, Parker R, et al. Prevention of premature birth by screening and treatment for common genital tract infections: results of a prospective controlled evaluation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;173:157-167.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7631673?tool=bestpractice.com低质量的观察性(队列)研究或者受试者<200名且方法学存在缺陷的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。但是,目前并不建议对有早产风险的孕妇常规筛查细菌性阴道病。[30]US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy to prevent preterm delivery: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:214-219.http://www.annals.org/content/148/3/214.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18252683?tool=bestpractice.com[52]Brocklehurst P, Gordon A, Heatley E, et al. Antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2013;(1):CD000262.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD000262.pub4/abstracthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23440777?tool=bestpractice.com
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