动脉导管未闭似乎与重度 RDS 有关,患有 RDS 的早产儿PDA发病率明显较高。[22]Dudell GG, Gersony WM. Patent ductus arteriosus in neonates with severe respiratory disease. J Pediatr. 1984 Jun;104(6):915-20.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6726527?tool=bestpractice.com 同时,患有 PDA 时,支气管肺发育不良的发生率升高至 4.5 倍。[18]Marshall DD, Kotelchuck M, Young TE, et al. Risk factors for chronic lung disease in the surfactant era: A North Carolina population-based study of very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 1999 Dec;104(6):1345-50.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10585987?tool=bestpractice.com合并症:前瞻性观察队列研究的中等质量的证据表明,早产儿的动脉导管未闭 (PDA) 与特定的合并症有关。[17]Kluckow M, Evans N. Ductal shunting, high pulmonary blood flow, and pulmonary hemorrhage. J Pediatr. 2000 Jul;137(1):68-72.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10891824?tool=bestpractice.com[18]Marshall DD, Kotelchuck M, Young TE, et al. Risk factors for chronic lung disease in the surfactant era: A North Carolina population-based study of very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 1999 Dec;104(6):1345-50.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10585987?tool=bestpractice.com[19]Rojas MA, Gonzalez A, Bancalari E, et al. Changing trends in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of neonatal chronic lung disease. J Pediatr. 1995 Apr;126(4):605-10.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7699543?tool=bestpractice.com[20]Osborn DA, Evans N, Kluckow M. Hemodynamic and antecedent risk factors of early and late periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants. Pediatrics. 2003 Jul;112(1 Pt 1):33-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12837865?tool=bestpractice.com[21]Dollberg S, Lusky A, Reichman B. Patent ductus arteriosus, indomethacin and necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants: a population-based study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005 Feb;40(2):184-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15699694?tool=bestpractice.com[22]Dudell GG, Gersony WM. Patent ductus arteriosus in neonates with severe respiratory disease. J Pediatr. 1984 Jun;104(6):915-20.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6726527?tool=bestpractice.com受试者<200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)、受试者>200名且方法学存在缺陷的随机对照临床试验(RCT)、方法学存在缺陷的系统评价或者高质量的观察性(队列)研究。 尽管这一关系的因果方向似乎将 PDA 摆错了位置,但 RDS 和肺部病变引起的氧合作用降低可能导致前列腺素代谢减少,从而导致导管持续开放。[31]Clyman RI, Mauray F, Roman C, et al. Circulating prostaglandin E2 concentrations and patent ductus arteriosus in fetal and neonatal lambs. J Pediatr. 1980;97:455-461.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6902770?tool=bestpractice.com