早产儿
通常只对早产儿进行筛查。 早在 1989 年就发现这一人群的早期PDA筛查和治疗可能是有益的。[42]Zanardo V, Milanesi O, Trevisanuto D, et al. Early screening and treatment of "silent" patent ductus arteriosus in prematures with RDS. J Perinat Med. 1991;19:291-295.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1960632?tool=bestpractice.com 每个医疗中心的实践不同，某些中心对胎龄和体重低于特定水平（＜28 周或＜1000 g）的婴儿在出生后 2 至 3 日进行常规 PDA 超声筛查，这是因为考虑到这些婴儿可能没有临床征象或临床征象的可靠性有限，且早期治疗能够获益。[38]Urquhart DS, Nicholl RM. How good is clinical examination at detecting a significant patent ductus arteriosus in the preterm neonate? Arch Dis Child. 2003 Jan;88(1):85-6.http://adc.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/88/1/85http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12495976?tool=bestpractice.com 某些中心不通过筛选来证实诊断，而是进行预防性治疗，但这一做法存在争议。[43]Knight DB. The treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. A review and overview of randomized trials. Semin Neonatol. 2001;6:63-73.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11162286?tool=bestpractice.com[44]Fowlie PW, Davis PG. Prophylactic indomethacin for preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003 Nov;88(6):F464-6.http://fn.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/88/6/F464http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14602691?tool=bestpractice.com
