非静脉曲张性上消化道出血导致入院的情况较为常见,其年发病率为 50-150 /100,000。死亡率范围为 8%-14%。MWT 占上消化道出血病例的 3%-15%,或 5-12 次上消化道出血发作/100,000 人。[7]Katz PO, Salas L. Less frequent causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1993;22:875-889.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8307643?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Tanabe S, Saigenji K. Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Nippon Rinsho. 1998;56:2332-2325.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9780715?tool=bestpractice.com 在儿童中较不常见,约占上消化道出血的 0.3%。[9]Bak-Romaniszyn L, Małecka-Panas E, Czkwianianc E, et al. Mallory-Weiss syndrome in children. Disease Esophagus. 1999;12:65-67.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10941865?tool=bestpractice.com MWT 在男性中比女性中更为常见,比率为 3:1。[10]Kerlin P, Bassett D, Grant AK, et al. The Mallory-Weiss lesion: a five-year experience. Med J Aust. 1978;1:471-473.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/672735?tool=bestpractice.com 在育龄女性中,最常见病因为妊娠剧吐。[11]Ismail SK, Kenny L. Review on hyperemesis gravidarum. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2007;21:755-769.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17889806?tool=bestpractice.com MWT 无种族易感性。 发病年龄会有所不同,但最常见于 30~50 岁的群体。[9]Bak-Romaniszyn L, Małecka-Panas E, Czkwianianc E, et al. Mallory-Weiss syndrome in children. Disease Esophagus. 1999;12:65-67.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10941865?tool=bestpractice.com MWT 发作后反复出血较常见,约占 MWT 病例的 8%~15%。[12]Kim JW, Kim HS, Byun JW, et al. Predictive factors of recurrent bleeding in Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2005;46:447-454.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16371719?tool=bestpractice.com