高尿酸血症并不一定引起痛风,但是痛风的发病率随着尿酸盐水平的提高而增加。[9]Campion EW, Glynn RJ, DeLabry LO. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Risks and consequences in the Normative Aging Study. Am J Med. 1987;82:421-426.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3826098?tool=bestpractice.com 高尿酸血症和痛风患者应避免接触促使痛风发生的危险因素,如摄入酒精、使用利尿剂和体重增加,如此便可降低尿酸水平进而减少痛风发作。[92]Lin KC, Lin HY, Chou P. The interaction between uric acid level and other risk factors on the development of gout among asymptomatic hyperuricemic men in a prospective study. J Rheumatol. 2000;27:1501-1505.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10852278?tool=bestpractice.com 需要化疗的淋巴组织增殖性疾病患者,应进行静脉补液和服用别嘌呤醇,以防止高尿酸血症和并发症的发生(如尿酸肾病导致的急性肾功能衰竭)。[93]Humphreys BD, Soiffer RJ, Magee CC. Renal failure associated with cancer and its treatment: an update. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:151-161.http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/reprint/16/1/151http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15574506?tool=bestpractice.com