应确保经实验室检查证实的细菌或寄生虫性腹泻疾病已被治愈或者其粪便中不再有相应病原体,特别是食品加工者或医务工作者,即使他们没有症状,也可能传播细菌或寄生虫性疾病(两份相隔 24 小时取得的连续粪便标本检查阴性或者症状消失至少 48 小时)。如果患者已经接受抗微生物治疗,第一次粪便采样应至少在末次服药后 48 小时进行。[1]American Medical Association, American Nurses Association/American Nurses Foundation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, et al. Diagnosis and management of foodborne illnesses: a primer for physicians and other health care professionals. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2004 Apr 16;53(RR-4):1-33.http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5304a1.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15123984?tool=bestpractice.com[53]Frenzen PD. Deaths due to unknown foodborne agents. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Sep;10(9):1536-43.http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/9/03-0403_articlehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15498153?tool=bestpractice.com[54]Scallan E, Jones TF, Cronquist A, et al. Factors associated with seeking medical care and submitting a stool sample in estimating the burden of foodborne illness. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2006 Winter;3(4):432-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17199525?tool=bestpractice.com