肥厚型心肌病

患者一般为男性耐力性运动员，没有心脏方面的不适。

没有HCM家族史或猝死病史。

停止运动后，肥厚可以减轻。[45]Pelliccia A, Maron BJ. Outer limits of the athlete's heart, the effect of gender, and relevance to the differential diagnosis with primary cardiac diseases. Cardiol Clin. 1997;15:381-396.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9276164?tool=bestpractice.com

心脏超声：（典型的特征包括左室扩大，左室舒张末期内径＞55mm），左室呈对称均匀肥厚。

室壁厚度偶尔超过正常值上限 (12 mm)。[45]Pelliccia A, Maron BJ. Outer limits of the athlete's heart, the effect of gender, and relevance to the differential diagnosis with primary cardiac diseases. Cardiol Clin. 1997;15:381-396.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9276164?tool=bestpractice.com

LV 充盈模式通常正常。[45]Pelliccia A, Maron BJ. Outer limits of the athlete's heart, the effect of gender, and relevance to the differential diagnosis with primary cardiac diseases. Cardiol Clin. 1997;15:381-396.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9276164?tool=bestpractice.com

使用钆造影剂延迟增强磁共振成像有助于鉴别 HCM 和运动员心脏。[22]O’Hanlon R, Assomull RG, Prasad SK. Use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance for diagnosis and management in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Curr Cardiol Rep 2007;9:51-56.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17362685?tool=bestpractice.com

没有HCM家族史或猝死病史。

与猝死无关。典型的收缩期喷射性杂音在各个体位都可以存在（即平卧位和蹲位）。

心脏超声：左室呈对称均匀肥厚，有局限性的纤维肌膜。组织多普勒成像正常。[3]Wynne J, Braunwald E. The cardiomyopathies and myocarditides. In: Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1997.

有长期高血压病史

超声心动图：对称性 LVH，心肌显示均匀。[3]Wynne J, Braunwald E. The cardiomyopathies and myocarditides. In: Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1997.