鼓励患者在专业的脑卒中康复机构继续进行康复。康复内容往往着重于日常生活能力、活动技巧、沟通技巧和心理功能方面;并且随着时间的推移,将有助于初始症状的改善。[115]Winstein CJ, Stein J, Arena R, et al. Guidelines for adult stroke rehabilitation and recovery: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2016 Jun;47(6):e98-169.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/STR.0000000000000098http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27145936?tool=bestpractice.com 告知患者在卒中后可能出现抑郁症状,如果不进行治疗会阻碍预后;在出现任何体重和关键症状时,及时就医是很重要的。生活方式的改变应包括根据需要转诊至戒烟和戒酒项目。
Stroke Association: life after stroke
必须告知所有可以进行体育运动的曾有过缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作的患者每周至少参与 3 到 4 次中等至大量的运动,以减少卒中的危险因素。[61]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Jul;45(7):2160-236.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/str.0000000000000024http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com [
]In people with stroke, how does cardiorespiratory training affect outcomes?https://cochranelibrary.com/cca/doi/10.1002/cca.1323/full显示答案 [
]In people with stroke, how does resistance training affect outcomes?https://cochranelibrary.com/cca/doi/10.1002/cca.1324/full显示答案 对于有残余残疾的卒中患者,应转诊到物理治疗师或心脏康复专业员处,以参与有监督和目标导向的康复。[61]Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Jul;45(7):2160-236.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/str.0000000000000024http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788967?tool=bestpractice.com [
]Can caregiver-mediated exercise improve outcomes in people with stroke?https://cochranelibrary.com/cca/doi/10.1002/cca.1654/full显示答案