不对 FMF 进行治疗时，可能导致继发性淀粉样变（可能致命）、生长抑制、流产和不育。研究已证明秋水仙碱能够降低这些风险并防止复发。[41]Simon A, van der Meer JW. Pathogenesis of familial periodic fever syndromes or hereditary autoinflammatory syndromes. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007;292:R86-R98.http://ajpregu.physiology.org/content/292/1/R86http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16931648?tool=bestpractice.com[92]Ben-Chetrit E, Levy M. Colchicine prophylaxis in familial Mediterranean fever: reappraisal after 15 years. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1991;20:241-246.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2042056?tool=bestpractice.com[93]Kallinich T, Haffner D, Niehues T, et al. Colchicine use in children and adolescents with familial Mediterranean fever: literature review and consensus statement. Pediatrics. 2007;119:e474-e483.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17242135?tool=bestpractice.com[98]Dinarello CA, Wolff SM, Goldfinger SE, et al. Colchicine therapy for familial mediterranean fever: a double-blind trial. N Engl J Med. 1974;291:934-937.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4606353?tool=bestpractice.com[99]Ben-Chetrit E, Berkun Y, Ben-Chetrit E, et al. The outcome of pregnancy in the wives of men with familial mediterranean fever treated with colchicine. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2004;34:549-552.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15505771?tool=bestpractice.com可利用某些生物疗法治疗秋水仙碱无效患者、长期肌痛或关节炎，但在这些疗法成为这类潜在疼痛和破坏性并发症的一线首选疗法前需更多的临床证据。[89]Hentgen V, Grateau G, Kone-Paut I, et al. Evidence-based recommendations for the practical management of familial Mediterranean fever. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2013;43:387-391.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23742958?tool=bestpractice.com在将来，有可能根据特定标志物或基因检测确定可能对特定生物疗法有反应的患者。
