Alport 综合征是罕见疾病,患病率不详。美国估计的患病率为 20/100,000,欧洲为 1/100,000 - 9/100,000。[11]Levy M, Feingold J. Estimating prevalence in single-gene kidney diseases progressing to renal failure. Kidney Int. 2000 Sep;58(3):925-43.http://www.kidney-international.org/article/S0085-2538(15)47184-4/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10972657?tool=bestpractice.com大多数病例 (85%) 为 X 连锁型遗传,其余主要为常染色体隐性遗传。该疾病约占慢性肾衰竭儿童患者的 3%,慢性肾衰竭成人患者的 0.2%,占接受肾脏替代治疗患者的>1%。[12]Gross O, Kashtan CE, Rheault MN, et al. Advances and unmet needs in genetic, basic and clinical science in Alport syndrome: report from the 2015 International Workshop on Alport Syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017 Jun 1;32(6):916-24.https://academic.oup.com/ndt/article/32/6/916/3059399/Advances-and-unmet-needs-in-genetic-basic-andhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27190345?tool=bestpractice.com大多数慢性肾衰竭患者是男性,由于 X 连锁型遗传模式导致。无明确证据表明存在显著的种族差异。